Second Interim Report on the PolyMETREXplus project. Towards a Polycentric Metropolitan Europe

Transcription

1 Towards a Polycentric Metropolitan Europe at the mid point of the Project Component METREX Nye Bevan House, 20 India Street, GLASGOW, G2 4PF T. +44 (0) F. +44 (0) secretariat@eurometrex.org 1

2 Second PolyMETREXplus Interim Report Purpose of this report The purpose of this Second Interim Report is to present, for the benefit of METREX Members and other interested European metropolitan regions and areas, the position that has been reached at the mid point of the Project Component (Second phase ) of the PolyMETREXplus project,. It provides background information for PolyMETREXplus partners for their Steering Committee meeting on Wednesday 27 September 2006, during the METREX Szczecin Conference. It also provides the basis for dissemination at the Szczecin Conference. The Second Interim Report takes the form of a working document. It provides an outline of the wider contexts for RINA's and a summary of their present position. It should be noted that PolyMETREXplus Discussion Note 11 (downloadable for the METREX web site provides more detailed information on each RINA. RINA working papers and presentations can also be downloaded from the web site. The Second Interim Report will be progressively updated and expanded as the PolyMETREXplus programme of RINA develops. It will be used to update and record progress for future Steering Committee meetings. One or two diagrams have been included from the First Interim Report to give continuity and allow the Second Interim report to be read as an entity. Introduction PolyMETREXplus is a Network project under the Interreg IIIC programme of the European Commission that seeks to contribute a metropolitan dimension to the objective of the European Spatial Planning Development Perspective (ESDP) for the harmonious, balanced and sustainable development of the European space and a metropolitan response to the three key strategic policy options of Global Integration Zones (GIZ), Polycentricity and Complementarity. During the second phase of the project the ESPON programme of Projects under Interreg IIIC has drawn to a conclusion. Of particular relevance to the PolyMETREXplus project have been projects on Polycentricity, on Transport Trends, on Transport Policy Impact, on ESDP (European Spatial Development Perspective) Impact and Zoom In. Zoom In is the Integrated Analysis of Transnational and National Territories Based on ESPON Results. It was produced by a team led by the Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung (BBR) and the Institute for Regional and Structural Planning (IRS), Germany, including colleagues from Italy, Poland, Spain, Norway, Austria, Belgium, Greece and Slovenia. Zoom In includes the teams conclusions on Global Integration Zones (GIZ) and is therefore of interest and relevance to the PolyMETREXplus project. The conclusions on GIZ draw on the related findings of ESPON projects on Polycentricity (the Metropolitan European Growth Area (MEGA) analysis) and on Transport Trends (Connectivity). PolyMETREXplus has also drawn on these sources to reach the conclusions published in the First Interim Report. 2

3 Introduction - continued This Second Interim Report begins by comparing the Zoom In and PolyMETREXplus conclusions with regard to transnational and interregional areas and the issue of Global Integration Zones. It continues with an assessment of the present position with regard to existing European polycentric clusters and corridors and those that might be added through the PolyMETREXplus and other projects. This Second Interim Report concludes that there is similarity in the nine European transnational areas identified by Zoom In and the eight identified in PolyMETREXplus (see Table T1). However, PolyMETREXplus has concluded that polycentric integration can be achieved most effectively at the interregional level, and below. It is for this reason that PolyMETREXplus has developed its programme of Representative Interregional Networking Activities - RINA - to demonstrate and promote this approach. ESPON project on Polycentricity demonstrates that the better European urban balance with the existing GIZ, sought by the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP), can only be achieved with Southern Europe as a whole and Northern and Eastern Europe as a whole (see First Interim Report). European urban balance will be achieved most effectively by linking interregional areas that have recognised geographic (territorial) identity and meaningful social and economic relationships and by connecting these to each other and to the GIZ. Such an approach would also place emphasis on peripheral and north/south, east/west connectivity around the GIZ. The PolyMETREXplus Vision and Framework for a Polycentric Europe try to express this approach visually (see First Interim Report). European metropolitan areas are concerned to take advantage of their strengths and address their weaknesses and to maintain their individual identity and competitive advantage in a rapidly changing and uncertain world. However, they also recognise that co-operation and complementarity and the development of polycentric relationships with other metropolitan areas will also be important in securing their future (from the approved PolyMETREXplus Application). The ESPON Zoom In report includes an assessment of the relative functional importance of each of the 76 recognised MEGA. This Second Interim Report has taken this assessment as part of the context for RINA. It helps to show the potential for co-operation and complementarity at the interregional level. Note It is acknowledged that this Report draws on the maps and diagrams published in ESPON reports 1.1.1, and Maps of polycentric national spatial planning contexts are taken from ESPON to illustrate this approach as a context for the planning of polycentric interregional clusters and corridors. 3

4 Second PolyMETREXplus Interim Report Contents Page Purpose of this Report 2 Introduction 2 1 Changing project context 5 ESPON Final Report - Zoom In - Global Integration Zones (GIZ) Comparison of the Zoom In and PolyMETREXplus transnational areas 2 RINA contexts 11 RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In RINA context provided by the PolyMETREXplus First Interim Report (Appendix 2) TEN-T assessment RINA context provided by the PolyMETREXplus Vision and Framework for a Polycentric Europe 3 RINA budgets and partners 17 PolyMETREXplus RINA budgets and partners 4 RINA - PolyMETREXplus polycentric initiatives 19 Working summaries of RINA's 1-18 (note that a number of RINA are inter related and summary information may be of use for several RINA) 5 RINA - Existing European polycentric initiatives 42 Appendix 1 44 Main issues of importance for National spatial planning contexts METREX Glasgow 3 September

5 1 Changing project context ESPON Final Report - Zoom In - Global Integration Zones (GIZ) The following text, in italics, is extracted from the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In - and describes the ESPON conclusions with regard to the identification of Global Integration Zones (GIZ) through which to achieve the better European urban balance sought by the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) of The PolyMETREXplus project also seeks to provide a practitioner response to this issue. Global integration zones In the European Spatial Development Perspective the European Pentagon, covering the space defined by the cornerstones London, Hamburg, München, Milano and Paris, was introduced in the context of a balanced territorial polycentric development and as the only existing zone of global integration on the European territory. The ESDP further states that the creation and enlargement of several dynamic global economy integration zones provides an important instrument for accelerating economic growth and job creation in the EU, particularly also in the regions currently regarded as structurally weak. The economic potential of all regions of the EU can only be utilised through the further development of a more polycentric European settlement structure. This is where the ESDP merges into the territorialisation of the Lisbon strategy and the territorial challenges in the light of Lisbon with respect to the European urban system with cities as motors of development to strengthen territorial cohesion. The project was asked in the terms of reference to identify and actually situate on the transnational level global integration zones beyond the pentagon based on ESPON results. The approach of the identification of the European Global Integration Zones (EGIZ) on the basis of ESPON results first needed an inventory of existing project results and the definition of the objectives of such zones. In the light of ESPON results global integration zones should cover functional aspects as well as accessibility components covering inner-regional cohesion as well as sufficient connectivity between the centres. The delineation of the zones has been done on the basis of GIS overlay of the different ESPON findings. The following criteria were applied. a group of MEGAs of which at least one MEGA covering the whole set of functions defined by ESPON project on at least national or transnational level an area defined by the accessibility of the next MEGA as an indication of the internal cohesion defined in transport and trade relations by truck on the basis of ESPON results a business orientated connectivity between the centres as an indication of the internal integration defined by travel time by air or rail of one hour or less also on the basis of ESPON project

6 On this basis altogether nine European Global integration zones have been identified. 1 The Central European Zone The relations between the centres on the basis of the one-hour accessibility between the MEGAS distinctly sketch out the pentagon area London, Hamburg München, Milano and Paris. This area is closely interconnected and has with London, Amsterdam, Brussels, Hamburg, Munich, Milano and Paris seven full functional MEGAs on highest levels. 2 The North-Western Zone This zone orientates on the travel times and accessibilities targeting to London as the fully functional MEGA of this area. It stretches from Dublin, Amsterdam and Randstad to the Ruhr Area and Paris. Assuming an improved internal connectivity this zone could potentially become enlarged to the South of Ireland. 3 The Southern Belt Quite obvious through the travel times between the MEGAs and the inner regional conditions of the accessibility of the MEGAs this zone reaches from Nantes to Zürich, Marseille and Roma. Roma is the fully functional MEGA in this zone, whereas the centre point related to the relation between the MEGAs is Milano. 4 The Danube Zone The Danube zone is encircled by Munich, Praha, Budapest and Ljubljana with Wien being a fully functional orientated MEGA in the centre of this area. 5 The Eastern Central Zone This zone covers the area between Kobenhavn/Malmö, Berlin, Praha and Bremen. Because of a low connectivity to the east it is at the moment predominately west oriented. 6 The South Scandinavian Baltic Zone The diagonal of fully functional MEGAs Kobenhavn, Stockholm and Helsinki outlines this zone, with supplementary cornerstones of Oslo/Bergen and Vilnius. Kobenhavn is the main gate for northeast connections in this area. 7 The Iberian Zone Isolated in relation to potential travel times between the MEGAs this zone includes the area between the MEGAs Barcelona, Sevilla, Lisboa and Bilbao. Madrid is the MEGA with complete functional orientation in the centre of this area. 6

7 8 The Polish Zone At present still quite isolated and limited in its extension, this zone covers the small part of the Polish central area with Warszawa and Katowice. This zone does not yet include a fully functional MEGA because Warszawa does not include major international economic decision making functions by now. On the basis of improved connectivity between the MEGAs in Poland itself the area could be extended to Gdansk and Wroclaw. The improvement of the connectivity to the neighbouring MEGAs is a basic requirement for the integration of this zone in the European context. 9 The Eastern Zone (potential) This zone is not yet sufficiently interlinked in itself; but with Athens as a fully functional MEGA there is a potential to develop this EGIZ including Sofiya and Bucuresti on the basis of improved internal connectivity. A future integration and expansion to Cyprus and Ankara will underline the function of this zone as a bridging zone to the southeast. Strong interrelations between the MEGAs make clear that the zones identified cannot be limited to themselves in an isolated outline. The zones are overlapping in extent. These overlapping areas have been called the global hinge zone. Six of these zones have been identified. Four of these areas, the North West- Europe zone, the Hamburg - Bremen zone, the Munich - Oberbayern region and Milano - Zürich Lyon connecting the Central European zone with the neighbouring global integration zones. Two hinge areas, the Belt zone with Malmo and Kobenhavn as well as the Praha Dresden zone connect the Central European integration zones to the Eastern global integration zones. 7

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9 Comparison of the Zoom In and PolyMETREXplus transnational areas T1 Comparison of the GIZ conclusions in ESPON project Zoom In and the first PolyMETREXplus Interim Report Zoom In PolyMETREXplus 9 transnational areas 8 transnational areas and 18 interregional areas 1 Central European Zone 1 Global Integration Zone (GIZ) 1.1 Core area 1.2 Rhine/Alps North 1.3 Niedersachsen 2 North Western Zone 2 Northern Isles 7 Iberian Zone 3 Iberian Peninsula 3.5 Iberia Mediterranean 3.6 Iberia Atlantic 3.7 Iberia South 4.8 Biscay 3 Southern Belt 5 Alpes-Mediterranean (includes Biscay) 5.9 Rhône/Alps 5.10 Alps South 5.11 Mediterranean Central 9 Eastern Zone (potential) 6.12 Aegean plus 6 South Scandinavian- Baltic Zone 7 Baltic 7.13 Baltic West 7.14 Baltic East 8 Central Europe 5 Eastern Central Zone 8.15 Berlin 8.16 Sachsen Triangle 4 Danube Zone 8.17 Danubian area 8 Polish Zone 8.18 Poland Table T1 shows that the Zoom In and PolyMETREXplus projects reach similar conclusions with regard to European transnational areas. A difference is that the Biscay area is related to the ESPON Southern Belt but has a separate identity in PolyMETREXplus. Biscay has strong relationships with the Iberian Peninsula, as is shown by the Eurocity Basque polycentric initiative. 9

10 Comparison of the Zoom In and PolyMETREXplus transnational areas - continued Both ESPON and PolyMETREXplus recognise that there are overlaps between transnational areas around the GIZ. In effect such overlaps demonstrate that the Pentagon is not a coherent geographic and functional entity but merely the linking of major European metropolitan areas. The Pentagon clearly covers strongly linked interregional areas that have their own identity and coherence. It is important to recognise that better European urban balance should be sought with the Core area of the GIZ not with the Pentagon. For example, Milano, although a corner of the Pentagon is clearly part of the Southern Alps interregional area, which is a major balancing area with the GIZ. The problem with regarding the nine ESPON transnational areas as GIZ is that a number are clearly too extensive to be have coherence, and therefore to be considered as integrated zones, or to be of potential global significance. For example, the Southern Belt GIZ extends from Nantes to Napoli and the South Scandinavian-Baltic Zone from Bergen to Vilnius. However, the concept of European transnational areas is useful in helping to identify wider areas over which connectivity is important and within which interregional areas can be identified as the basis for polycentric clusters and corridors. In this respect the ESPON and PolyMETREXplus conclusions are similar and supportive. It is the use of the term GIZ for the ESPON transnational areas that is problematic. The need for better European urban balance has been posed as the balancing of the Pentagon, seen as synonymous with the GIZ, with other European GIZ's. In reality the Pentagon is not the GIZ and balance can be most realistically achieved with the core area of the GIZ through linked polycentric interregional areas within well-connected European transnational areas. This is demonstrated in the Framework diagram shown on page X. 10

11 2 RINA contexts RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In Map 1.1 from the Zoom In report shows the relative functional importance of MEGA for Administration, Decision-making, Transport, Universities, Tourism and Industry. These conclusions have been extracted and analysed in Table T2. The purpose of this is to then disaggregate this information to PolyMETREXplus transnational/rina level to give an understanding of the primary functions of each MEGA and inform the consideration of relationships between them. Table T2 uses the same colour coding at the ESDPON GIZ Map 1.1. The four ESPON categories of the 75 MEGA are Global (red), European engines (pink), Strong MEGA (orange), Potential MEGA (blue) and weak MEGA (green). Table T2 shows, unsurprisingly, that the European capitals have significant administrative functions and are major transport hubs. It also shows that many, but not all, are centres of decision-making. Almost all have major Universities and, as a consequence of all these factors, and others such as cultural heritage, many are centres of attraction for tourism. The capitals of the new Member States have potential for the further development of all these functions. Industry is part of the portfolio of significant activities for some capitals. The same profile as capitals is evident for the European engines and Strong MEGA's. The Potential and weak MEGA's often have significant transport functions but a narrower portfolio of other functions. It is this lack of diversity that might be remedied through the development of wider interregional polycentric relationships. 11

12 RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In - continued T2 Metropolitan European Growth Areas (75 MEGA) by key functions Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry New Member State Capitals 1 Paris Global hub 2 London Global hub 3 München European hub 4 Frankfurt Global hub 5 Madrid European hub 6 Bruxelles European hub 7 Milano European hub 8 Roma European hub 9 Hamburg Global hub 10 Kobenhavn European hub 11 Zurich European hub Potential 12 Amsterdam European hub 13 Berlin European hub Potential 14 Stockholm European hub 15 Stuttgart European hub 16 Barcelona European hub 17 Dusseldorf European hub 18 Wien European hub 19 Köln Minor node 20 Helsinki European hub 21 Oslo European hub 22 Athinai European hub 23 Manchester European hub 24 Dublin European hub 25 Göteborg Major node 26 Torino Minor node 27 Geneve Major node 28 Lyon Minor node 29 Antwerp Global hub 30 Lisboa European hub 31 Rotterdam Global hub 32 Malmo Major node 33 Marseille European hub 34 Lille 35 Nice Major node 36 Napoli 37 Bern 38 Praha Major node 39 Glasgow Minor node 40 Bremen Global hub 41 Toulouse Minor node 42 Warzawa Major node 43 Budapest Major node 44 Arhus Major node 45 Edinburgh Minor node 46 Bergen Major node 47 Birmingham Minor node 48 Bilbao Gateway port 49 Valencia European hub 50 Luxembourg Major node Potential Potential 51 Bologna Minor node 52 Palma Major node 53 Bratislava Major node 54 Turku 55 Cork Major node 56 Bordeaux Minor node 57 Le Havre European hub 58 Genova European hub 59 Bucuresti Major node Potential 60 Tallinn Potential 61 Sofya Major node 62 Southampton European hub 63 Sevilla 64 Porto Major node 65 Krakow Minor node 66 Vilnius Major node Potential 67 Ljubljana European hub Potential 68 Riga Major node Potential 69 Katowice Minor node 70 Gdansk Major node 71 Poznan Minor node 72 Wroclaw Minor node 73 Lodz 74 Valletta European hub Potential 75 Szczecin Major node 76 Timisoara Major node 12

13 RINA context provided by the PolyMETREXplus First Interim Report (Appendix 2) TEN-T assessment 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition Original 14 TEN-T projects from the 1995 TEN-T priorities 1 Rail axis Berlin-Verona/Milano-Napoli-Messina-Palermo 2 High-speed rail axis Paris-Bruxelles-Köln-Amsterdam-London 3 High-speed rail axis South-west Europe (Paris/Bordeaux and Lyon/Nîmes to the Iberian peninsula 4 High-speed rail axis East Europe (Paris and Luxembourg to Mannheim and Strasbourg) 5 Rail freight axis Betuwe line from Europort/Rotterdam east to Germany 6 Rail axis Lyons-Torino-Venezia-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest 7 Motorway axes East/West from Igoumenista - Thessaloniki-Alexandrouplois North/South from Budapest-Sofia-Thessaloniki-Athens-Patra 8 Multi-modal axis Portugal/Spain north to the rest of Europe Sevilla-Lisboa-Porto-La Coruña-Valladoid to Eurocity Basque (San Sebastian/Bayonne/Biarritz) 9 Rail axis Cork-Dublin-Belfast-Stranraer 10 Malpensa Milano Airport 11 Øresund fixed link Copenhagen-Malmö 12 Rail/road axes Nordic triangle from Malmö-Oslo-Stockholm-Turku-Helsinki towards St. Petersburg 13 Road axis Ireland/UK/Benelux from Cork-Dublin-Belfast to Stranraer- Liverpool-Birmingham-Felixstowe 14 Rail axis UK West coast main line from London-Glasgow/Edinburgh 13

14 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition - continued Already proposed additional 6 TEN-T projects 15 Global satellite Galileo navigation system 16 Rail freight axis Sines/Algeciras-Madrid-Paris including a new trans-pyrenean crossing 17 Rail axis Paris-Stasbourg-Stuttgart-Vienna-Bratislava 18 Inland waterway Rhine/Meuse-Main-Danube (Rotterdam to Constanta axis on the Black sea) 19 High-speed rail axis Interoperability on the Iberian peninsula 20 Rail axis Fehmarn belt (Øresund-Hamburg-Bremen-Hannover) New proposed additional 10 TEN-T projects 21 Motorways of the sea Four motorways of the sea are proposed, two in the Mediterranean, one in the Atlantic and one in the Baltic 22 Rail axis Athens and Constanta to Budapest and Prage- Nürnberg/Dresden 23 Rail axis Gdansk-Warzawa-Katowice-Brno-Vienna-Bratislava 24 Rail axis Lyons/Genova-Basel-Duisberg-Rotterdam/Antwerpen 25 Motorway axis Gdansk-Katowice-Brno/Bratislava-Vienna 26 Rail/road axis Ireland/UK-rest of Europe (see also projects 9 and 13) 27 Rail axis Rail Baltica from Helsinki/Tallinn-Riga-Kaunas-Warzawa 28 Rail axis Eurocaprail from Brussels-Luxembourg-Strasbourg 29 Rail axis Inter modal axis fromthessaloniki-igoumentia-athens-patra- Kalamata (see also project 7) 30 Inland waterway axis Seine-Scheldt from Paris-Antwerpen ESPON suggestions 1 Multi modal axis La Coruña to Bilbao/Eurocity Basque 2 Connectivty Madrid-Valencia-Barcelona 3 Connectivity Bordeaux-Nantes-Le Havre-Lille 4 Sea connection Brittany-Southampton 5 Connectivity Southampton-Bristol-Birmingham 6 Connectivity Bern-Strasbourg-Frankfurt 7 Connectivity axis Balkans axis from München-Ljubljana-Belgrade-Skopje- Thessaloniki-Istanbul 8 Connectivity Bucuresti-Chisnau 9 Sea connection Bari-Igoumentia PolyMETREXplus suggestion 1 Multi modal axis Eurocity Basque/Bordeaux-Toulouse-Lyons-Marseille with connection to the Pyrenean tunnel 14

15 RINA context provided by the PolyMETREXplus Vision for a Polycentric Europe (see the PolyMETREXplus First Interim Report - December 2005) 15

16 RINA context provided by the PolyMETREXplus Framework for a Polycentric Europe 16

17 3 RINA budgets and partners RINA budgets T3 PolyMETREXplus partnrship budget (!) Planning Projects Total Interreg IIIC Nat Cofi (RINA) 1 Generalitat de Catalunya Diputación Provincial de Zaragoza Junta de Andalucia Regione de Veneto Regione Emilia-Romagna City of Rotterdam Organisation of Athens Organisation of Thessaloniki METREX Greater London Authority Glasgow and the Clyde Valley Verband Region Stuttgart Dresden County/City of Stockholm Helsinki City Council Malta PA Municipality of Szczecin Krakow Institute Municipality of Sofia Totals The PolyMETREXplus partnership comprises 19 European metropolitan authorities. The first Planning phase of the project has now been completed and the findings and conclusions summarised in the METREX First Interim Report (December 2005). The partnership is now progressing the second phase Project phase within the framework of the budget summarised above in Table T3. 17

18 RINA and RINA partners T4 PolyMETREXplus RINA and partners (see Table T3 for partner names 1-19 in full) Cat Zar And Ven Em-R Rot Ath The M GLA GCV Stu Dre Sto Hel Mal Szc Kra Sof 1 Economic futures of the GIZ plus Amsterdam 2 Stuttgart/Strasbourg/Zurich cluster plus Starsbourg and Zurich 3 Stockholm-Mälar Region A metropolitan Center in the Baltic Space 4 Helsinki/Tallinn/St Petersburg Spatial Vision plus - Tallinn and St Petersburg 5a Metropolitan cooperation for economic competitiveness in polycentric regions - a challenge for Metropolitan Governance 5b Metropolitan Spatial Vision for Central Europe Contributors Szczecin-Berlin corridor plus Berlin-Brandenburg 7 Krakow - the Upper Silesia cluster plus Katowice and Czestochowa 8 Po Valley Spatial Vision plus Lombardia and Torino 9 Malta connectivity (see RINA17) (RINA 17) (RINA17) plus N African metro's 10 Pyrenees/Mediterranean West Spatial Visoon for the Pyrenees interregional area 11 Cluster Study about the Ebro River corridor 12 Andalucian polycentric Spatial Vision plus Sevilla and Granada 13 Forth-Clyde corridor plus Edinburgh 14 Climate change/urban change (Now being progressed through InterMETREXplus) 15 Bucharest/Sofia/Thessaloniki/ Athens corridor plus Bucharest 16 Tallinn/Riga/Vilnius/Warzawa corridor Contributor - Vilnius 17 Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean (RINA 9) (RINA 9) relations plus Roma, Napoli, Puglia, Bologna 18 North - South Interface plus Sofia, Belgrade-Novi Sad, Budapest, Warsaw, Vilnius RINA participation The PolyMETREXplus partners currently have in mind the above range of RINA projects. These will be further considered at a meeting of the PolyMETREXplus Steering Committee on Wednesday 27 September, during the METREX Szczecin Conference. The RINA are explored in more detail in PolyMETREXplus Discussion Note 11 that can be downloaded from the METREX web site. Inception meetings have been held for RINA 4, 8,17 (including 9) and 18. An Inception meeting for RINA 5b will be held before the Szczecin PolyMETREXplus Steering Committee meeting. RINA 11 has also been commenced. 18

19 R1/R2 4 RINA - PolyMETREXplus polycentric initiatives RINA 1 - Economic future of the GIZ RINA 2 - Stuttgart/Strasbourg/Zurich cluster RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In T5 Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry GIZ Core area by key functions 1 Paris Global hub 2 London Global hub 6 Bruxelles European hub 12 Amsterdam European hub 17 Dusseldorf European hub 19 Köln Minor node 29 Antwerp Global hub Potential 31 Rotterdam Global hub Potentail 34 Lille 50 Luxembourg Major node Potential Potential 57 Le Havre European hub 62 Southampton European hub Felixstowe European hub Zebrugge European hub GIZ Rhine/Alps North area by key functions 3 München European hub 4 Frankfurt Global hub 11 Zurich European hub Potential 15 Stuttgart European hub 37 Bern Nürnberg Minor node Basel Minor node Innsbruck Minor node Graz Minor node Salzburg Major node GIZ Niedersachsen area by key functions 9 Hamburg Global hub 40 Bremen Global hub Hannover Minor node Table T5 shows the GIZ MEGA by functional importance together with important transport hubs and nodes. It provides a starting framework for the consideration of polycentric relationships. 19

20 R1/R2 RINA context provided by the 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition 2 High-speed rail axis Paris-Bruxelles-Köln-Amsterdam-London 3 High-speed rail axis South-west Europe (Paris/Bordeaux and Lyon/Nîmes to the Iberian peninsula 4 High-speed rail axis East Europe (Paris and Luxembourg to Mannheim and Strasbourg) 5 Rail freight axis Betuwe line from Europort/Rotterdam east to Germany 17 Rail axis Paris-Stasbourg-Stuttgart-Vienna-Bratislava 18 Inland waterway axis Rhine/Meuse-Main-Danube (Rotterdam to Constanta on the Black sea) 21 Motorways of the sea Four motorways of the sea are proposed, two in the Mediterranean, one in the Atlantic and one in the Baltic 24 Rail axis Lyons/Genova-Basel-Duisberg-Rotterdam/Antwerpen 28 Rail axis Eurocaprail from Brussels-Luxembourg-Strasbourg 30 Inland waterway axis Seine-Scheldt from Paris-Antwerpen 3 Connectivity Bordeaux-Nantes-Le Havre-Lille 6 Connectivity Bern-Strasbourg-Frankfurt 20

21 R1/R2 Working examples of polycentric National spatial planning - Netherlands and Switzerland - as contexts for polycentric interregional clusters and corridors (from ESPON 2.4.1) 21

22 R1/R2 RINA 1 - Economic future of the GIZ Partners London and Rotterdam Contributor Amsterdam 22

23 R1/R2 RINA 2 - Stuttgart/Strasbourg/Zurich cluster Partner Verband Region Stuttgart Contributors Strasbourg, Zurich and Lyon Context PolyMETREXplus considers policies and actions for a balanced polycentric Europe. To this end, metropolitan areas and groupings of metropolitan areas are to define and execute their contribution with special regard to their geographic positioning relative to the core of the GIZ. Stuttgart Region has a strong position in terms of its innovation and competitiveness function, but still has potential to develop in its decision-making and gateway functions. It also finds itself in a bridging position between the core of the GIZ and the Alps-South (Zurich, Lyon, Northern Italy). It needs better integration with its nearest neighbouring metropolitan areas in France, Switzerland and Italy. This endeavour is in the context of recent initiatives of Germany, France and Switzerland to rewrite their national spatial visions and programmes as well as to enforce a metropolitan policy as an important contributor to improving the overall competitiveness of the country. Thus, it is intended to invite the national ministries and agencies to contribute to the RINA (BMVBW and BBR in Germany, ARE in Switzerland, DATAR in France and the responsible organisations in Italy). Purpose The RINA will enable the Metropolitan Regions of Stuttgart, Zurich, Strasbourg, Lyon and Torino to exchange about their profiles and strategic plans, to develop bi- and multilateral strategies and actions and to prepare further activities. Thus, these regions will be tied together more closely for the individual benefit, for the mutual benefit in the European sub-area and, hence, will help to perform the bridging function of this area between the core of the GIZ and the Alps-south. 23

24 R3/R4/R16 RINA 3 - Stockholm-Mälar Region - A Metropolitan Centre in the Baltic Space RINA 4 - Helsinki/Tallinn/St Petersburg - Spatial Vision RINA 16 Tallinn/Riga/Vilnius/Warzawa corridor RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In T6 Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry Baltic West area by key functions 10 Kobenhavn European hub 14 Stockholm European hub 21 Oslo European hub 25 Göteborg Major node 32 Malmo Major node 44 Arhus Major node 46 Bergen Major node Helsingborg Major node Baltic East area by key functions 20 Helsinki European hub 54 Turku 60 Tallinn Potential 66 Vilnius Major node Potential 68 Riga Major node Potential Kolka (Latvia) Gateway port 24

25 R3/R4/R16 RINA context provided by the 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition 11 Øresund fixed link Copenhagen-Malmö 12 Rail/road axes Nordic triangle from Malmö-Oslo-Stockholm-Turku-Helsinki towards St. Petersburg 20 Rail axis Fehmarn belt (Øresund-Hamburg-Bremen-Hannover) 21 Motorways of the sea Four motorways of the sea are proposed, two in the Mediterranean, one in the Atlantic and one in the Baltic 23 Rail axis Gdansk-Warzawa-Katowice-Brno-Vienna-Bratislava 25 Motorway axis Gdansk-Katowice-Brno/Bratislava-Vienna 25

26 R3/R4/R16 RINA 3 - Stockholm-Mälar Region - A Metropolitan Centre in the Baltic Space Partner - Stockholm City Council Context Application Baltic Sea Region Interreg IIIB 23 September 2005 Baltic Palette Knowledge Region Purpose To make the strategic co-operation between the five metropolitan regions of Stockholm, Helsinki, Riga, Tallinn and St Petersburg permanent and hence make way for balanced polycentric development To improve the competitiveness of the Baltic Palette Region and its visibility as a global integration zone (GIZ) To broaden the collaboration between public, private and academic actors. Approach The work will be undertaken in three work packages. Integrative networks. Key instruments: arrangements, round tables, targeting, representatives of the public, private and academic sector leading to an action programme Centres for innovative growth. A start to promote development centres for innovation growth (6-8 in BPR) Connections and services. To broaden the scope of accessibility to include ICT. To transform knowledge into prioritised investment projects. Two main parts. An expertise study on the potentials for Baltic Palette Region and Stockholm-Mälar Region to develop into global integration zone (GIZ). Round-tables/meetings/workshops with the Baltic Palette Partner Cities and other Metropolitan Regions in the Baltic Space to discuss the expertise study and equivalent studies from the participating regions. 26

27 R3/R4/R16 RINA 4 - Helsinki/Tallinn/St Petersburg - Spatial Vision Partner Helsinki Contributors Tallinn and St Petersberg Purpose To achieve a polycentric structure within the Baltic axis and to give better inter-regional urban balance to the new Northern Dimension Pentagon III Key Issues - layered approach. Connectivity - infrastructure linkages supporting economics of business and housing regionally and interregionally Compact Structure - compact city and regional structure, high density, containment, smart cities, Territorial cohesion Urbanity - urban clusters, business and housing inter-dependent location, housing patterns, safe city, compatibility, environmental quality Approach Exchange of experience and know-how Field visits 1 workshop in each of the city-regions Conference Project will catalogue the various experiences and insights into particular methods employed by each cityregion. Review of existing statistics on competitiveness, including innovation environment and governance Interview of key actors in to ascertain views on governance and partnerships Review of spatial planning processes that oversees the growth management of cities Identification of key obstacles and investment needs in the creation of the integrated Gulf of Finland Area & Baltic areas. 27

28 R3/R4/R16 RINA 16 Tallinn/Riga/Vilnius/Warzawa corridor Contributor - Vilnius 28

29 R5b/R6/7 RINA 5a - Metropolitan cooperation fro economic competitiveness in polycentric regions - challenge for Metropolitan Governance RINA 5b - Metropolitan Spatial Vision for Central Europe RINA 6 - Szczecin-Berlin corridor RINA 7 - Krakow cluster RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In T7 Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry Central Europe area by key functions 13 Berlin European hub Potential 75 Szczecin Major node Danubian area by key functions 18 Wien European hub 38 Praha Major node 43 Budapest Major node 53 Bratislava Major node Poland by key functions 42 Warzawa Major node 65 Krakow Minor node 69 Katowice Minor node 70 Gdansk Major node 71 Poznan Minor node 72 Wroclaw Minor node 73 Lodz 29

30 R5b/R6/7 RINA context provided by the 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition 22 Rail axis Athens and Constanta to Budapest and Prage- Nürnberg/Dresden 23 Rail axis Gdansk-Warzawa-Katowice-Brno-Vienna-Bratislava 25 Motorway axis Gdansk-Katowice-Brno/Bratislava-Vienna 27 Rail axis Rail Baltica from Helsinki/Tallinn-Riga-Kaunas-Warzawa 30

31 R5b/R6/7 RINA 5b - Metropolitan Spatial Vision for Central Europe Pentagon II is defined by the capitals of Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, and Warsaw Partner Saxon Triangle (Dresden/Leipzig/Chemnitz/Halle) Contributors Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Warzawa Context In line with the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) a number of initiatives deal with spatial visions for parts of the European territory from a metropolitan point of view. Even though parts of the central European space are included in some of these initiatives, the question of a Metropolitan Spatial Vision for Central Europe remains open. So far, there is only little exchange of views and ideas between the Central European Metropolitan Regions regarding a spatial vision for their sphere of influence. Purpose RINA 5b addresses the task of initiating a Metropolitan Spatial Vision for Central Europe by starting a workshop based dialogue between the metropolitan areas in Central Europe (Poland, Czech Rep., Slovakia, Hungary, and eastern parts of Austria and Germany). Approach The main objective of the first workshop, in Szczecin, is to learn more about the attitudes of metropolitan areas towards a spatial vision for central Europe. The exchange of different point of views and the discussion about chances and development opportunities in the central European area will provide basic information about common perceptions and differences between the actors. Furthermore the workshop will create a common basis for further co-operation between the metropolitan areas in that matter. 31

32 R5b/R6/7 RINA 6 - Szczecin-Berlin corridor Partner Szczecin Contributor Berlin-/Brandenburg 32

33 R5b/R6/7 RINA 7 - Krakow - the Upper Silesia cluster (KRUS) Partner Krakow Contributors Katowice Czestochowa Purpose The main idea of the project results from the conception of the European polycentrism and the current state of urbanization in the countries of Eastern and Central Europe. The essential goal of the project shall be the "Modelling of international and interregional cooperation for upgrading of economic competitiveness and sustainability of urban clusters". This is also an attempt at replying to the question of how to build a polycentric Europe. Considered in the European scale, the KRUS Cluster is one of the major concentrations of population and activities (more than 7 million of residents), which in future may constitute a group of Metropolises, thus relieving the European "Pentagon". Approach The KRUS Cluster is located in the southern Poland, at the intersection of two important transportation routes: from the west to the east (A4), and from the north to the south (A1). Also located in this area is an intersection of international railway routes. The KRUS Cluster borders are delimited by the cities of KRAKÓW CZĘSTOCHOWA OPOLE OSTRAVA. This is going to be the area of an intensive development and cooperation of a growing competitiveness. The KRUS Cluster area is located within three administrative Regions of Poland (the Śląskie, the Małopolskie, the Opolskie) and within the Ostrava Region in the Czech Republic ( see enclosed diagram). Strengths and potentials. Large consumer and labour market Diversity of functions and development potentials Abundance of tourist attractions Rich and diverse cultural traditions Good accessibility from the world and good relations with the neighbouring areas Potential large centre of innovations and research 33

34 R5b/R6/7 RINA 7 - Krakow - the Upper Silesia cluster (KRUS) 34

35 R8/R17 RINA 8 - Po Valley Spatial Vision RINA 9 - Malta connectivity (within RINA 17) RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In T8 Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry Rhône Alps area by key functions 27 Geneve Major node 28 Lyon Minor hub 33 Marseille European hub 35 Nice Major node Alps South area by key functions 7 Milano European hub 26 Torino Minor node 51 Bologna Minor node 58 Genova European hub 67 Ljubljana European hub Potential La Spezia European hub Livorno European hub Trieste European hub Venezia European hub Verona Minor node Mediterranean Central area by key functions 8 Roma European hub 36 Napoli 74 Valletta European hub Potential Taranto Minor node 35

36 R8/R17 RINA context provided by the 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition 1 Rail axis Berlin-Verona/Milano-Napoli-Messina-Palermo 6 Rail axis Lyons-Torino-Venezia-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest 7 Motorway axes East/West from Igoumenista - Thessaloniki-Alexandrouplois North/South from Budapest-Sofia-Thessaloniki-Athens-Patra 10 Malpensa Milano Airport 17 Rail axis Paris-Stasbourg-Stuttgart-Vienna-Bratislava 18 Inland waterway Rhine/Meuse-Main-Danube (Rotterdam to Constanta axis on the Black sea) 21 Motorways of the sea Four motorways of the sea are proposed, two in the Mediterranean, one in the Atlantic and one in the Baltic 22 Rail axis Athens and Constanta to Budapest and Prage- Nürnberg/Dresden 29 Rail axis Inter modal axis from Thessaloniki-Igoumentia-Athens-Patra- Kalamata (see also project 7) 8 Connectivity Bucuresti-Chisnau 9 Sea connection Bari-Igoumentia 36

37 R8/R17 RINA 8 - Po Valley Spatial Vision Lead Partners - Emilia-Romagna and Veneto Region Partner - Lombardia Region Contributors - Torino Province, Local agencies Purpose To define a vision of the spatial and economic system of the Po Valley area paying attention to the different localisation models and to the problems existing in the transport system in order to highlight the role that this area can play for a re-balancing, in polycentric way, of the European territory. Approach The study will evidence the role that this area, placed in the southern side of the GIZ, can carry out in the strengthening of the relations with central-eastern Europe, with southern France and with the Mediterranean areas. In this context a particular attention will be paid to the opportunities offered from Corridor 5 and from the infrastructures and logistics centres connected to it. By July 2006:Recognition of planning documents of the entire area and of the projects aimed to strengthen the infrastructural system By January 2007: Construction of a spatial vision of the area with particular attention both to the inner connectivity, in order to evaluate the integration deficits and to the external connectivity in order to improve the relations with the core of the GIZ and the other European areas. By July 2007:Individuation of the main actions aimed to strengthen the role of this area and involvement in the study of the main actors operating on these topics (transportation agencies, fairs, logistic operators, etc). By January 2008:Organization of two meetings on the topics of the RINA and dissemination of the outcome. 37

38 R8/R17 RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations Partners - Emilai-Romagana, Veneto, Athenai, Thessaloniki and Malta Contributors - Puglia, Napoli, Bologna Purposes (see also METREX web site to download Inception meeting paper and presentations) Starting from the awareness of the complexity of the euromediterranean relationship, this study intends to identify the opportunities offered from the metropolitan areas located along the Corridor 1, in the Central Mediterranean and the Aegean area, and along the interconnecting communications, in order ro to develop stronger links between the GIZ and the Mediterranean region. This RINA study finds an important reference in the connectivity and proximity politicies of the European Union and the area MEDA. The strengthening of the Corridor 1 and of the Corridor 8 in the most general picture of the euromediterranean relationship can contribute to the redistribution of the flows, to the activation of new links and network and the enhancement of local systems contributing to a more general recentralisation of the Mediterranean, thus strengthening the integrated euromediterranean system moving towards a more polycentric Europe. The study aims to create a common framework in the euromediterranean area able to renew the local resources, to improve accessibility and to promote excellence so as to be able to tap into the Structural Funds for , thus achieving convergence founded upon the balanced and competitive use of the local resources. To promote the Mediterranean as a central area, in the vision of territorial balance in comparison to the GIZ and of connection with the areas of North-Africa, of the Middle East and of Turkey; To strengthen the Corridor 1 to develop the euromediterranean relationships and to increase the connectivity with the GIZ; To strengthen the role of the metropolitan areas placed along the Corridor 1 and particularly those that connect it with other European Corridors; To develop the logistic knots and the Sea Highways ; To connect the south basin of the Mediterranean to central Europe allowing the continental productive systems to reach the new African and Middle East markets; To increase the connections of the euromediterranean Corridors with the crossed territories; To individualize and to involve the actors and stakeholders able to contribute to the project; Challenges The economic and social backwardness of most of the Mediterranean; The remarkable differences of cultural, religious and political-institutional character; The difficult connectivity; The persistent difficulty of integration among different social and cultural sectors inside the same metropolitan areas; The resistance to change 38

39 R8/R17 RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations The interconnection linking corridor 1, the Adriatic-Ionic maritime Corridor, the Corridor 8 and the Meridian Corridor Context Concept 39

40 R8/R17 RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations Natural resources and urban systems (2 and 3) 40

41 R8/R17 RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations Infrastructure and innovation (clusters) (4 and 5) 41

42 R8/R17 RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations Cultural resources and tourism (6) 42

43 R8/R17 RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations Meridian Corridor in the framework of European corridors 43

44 R8/R17 RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations RINA 17 - Corridor 1 Euro-Mediterranean relations The above diagrams are taken from a series of presentations made by RINA colleagues from Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Puglia, Bologna, Napoli, Thessaloniki and Athenai at the Euromediterranean Relations RINA Inception meeting in Bologna from June They are indicative of the approach being taken to the issues. The full papers and presentations can be downloaded from the METREX web site under the PolyMETREXplus button. 44

45 R10/R11/R12 RINA 10 - Pyrenees/Mediterranean West - Spatial Vision for the Pyrenees interregional area RINA 11 - Cluster Study about the Ebro River corridor RINA 12 - Andalucian polycentric Spatial Vision RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In T9 Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry Iberia central area by key functions 5 Madrid European hub Iberia Mediterranean area by key functions 16 Barcelona European hub 49 Valencia European hub 52 Palma Major node Alicante Minor node Ibiza Minor node Iberia Atlantic area by key functions 30 Lisboa European hub 64 Porto Major node Faro Major node Iberia South area by key functions 63 Sevilla Algeciras Malaga European hub European hub Biscay area by key functions 41 Toulouse Minor node 56 Bordeaux Minor node 48 Bilbao Gateway port Nantes/St Nazairre Gateway port 45

46 R10/R11/R12 RINA context provided by the 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition 3 High-speed rail axis South-west Europe (Paris/Bordeaux and Lyon/Nîmes to the Iberian peninsula 8 Multi-modal axis Portugal/Spain north to the rest of Europe Sevilla-Lisboa-Porto-La Coruña-Valladoid to Eurocity Basque (San Sebastian/Bayonne/Biarritz) 16 Rail freight axis Sines/Algeciras-Madrid-Paris including a new trans-pyrenean crossing 19 High-speed rail axis Interoperability on the Iberian peninsula 21 Motorways of the sea Four motorways of the sea are proposed, two in the Mediterranean, one in the Atlantic and one in the Baltic 1 Multi modal axis La Coruña to Bilbao/Eurocity Basque 2 Connectivty Madrid-Valencia-Barcelona 1 Multi modal axis Eurocity Basque/Bordeaux-Toulouse-Lyons-Marseille with connection to the Pyrenean tunnel 46

47 R10/R11/R12 Working example of a national spatial planning context From ESPON

48 R10/R11/R12 RINA 10 - Pyrenees/Mediterranean West - Spatial Vision for the Pyrenees interregional area Partners Catalunya and Zaragoza Purpose New Spatial Visions to provide an inter-regional context for corridor/cluster studies, for example, having regard to the Pyrenees HST rail link. The RINA process could offer a means of achieving this. Approach PolyMETREXplus Spatial Visions should consider the spatial planning, social, economic and environmental development opportunities that are in prospect in the medium to longer term, for example: Connectivity (primary road, rail and waterway networks, interchanges and gateways) Polycentric urban settlement structure (primary metropolitan regions and areas, including clusters and corridors). Significant environmental resources (areas of scenic, cultural and ecological significance) Polycentric social (for example, joint education/health/cultural services or specialisations) and economic (for example, business/r and D/tourism) relationships that might be developed Polycentric spatial planning and development opportunities that might be developed, for example, for logistics, research, services, manufacturing, distribution etc. 48

49 R10/R11/R12 RINA 11 - Cluster Study about the Ebro River corridor Partner Zaragoza Contributor - Catalunya Purpose Ebro Valley is not a homogenous region, but the river draws communications and is a factor in human settlements It is a lived space which has been transformed by mans activities, and has complementarities in its agricultural, industrial and commercial uses Basically it coincides with one of the great regions founded by Rome, fixing its functional capital in the geographic centre of the valley (Caesaraugusta - Zaragoza) It s a hinge between the 2 development nodes from the 19th (Basque Country and Catalonia), that nowadays is enlarged to Madrid and Valencia It represents an area of development opportunity, having regard to the lack of industrial space in the Basque Country and Catalonia and the saturation of the Catalonian coast Approach (see also Discussion Note 11 for more detail) The functionality of the valley as a cluster needs consideration of boundaries and interregional administrative obstacles and the improvement of connectivity with the rest of Spain and Europe, making permeable the Central Pyrenees Increasing inter-modality and logistics development, in the context of the new communications in Spain, can stimulate its performance as a cluster Cluster development must be based on the polycentric relationships of its urban centers: Vitoria, Miranda de Ebro, Logroño, Pamplona, Tudela, Zaragoza, Huesca, Lérida and Tortosa Polycentric relationships between cities should have regard to projected over rural spaces, which are a very important part of the character of the valley, contributing to its harmoniously development Valley cluster potential should: o Stop the threat of industrial relocation (metals and automobiles) o Re-launch the R and D potential of its university centres using networking o Offer a specific agro-feed brand o Have a singular tourist offer o Increase its capabilities to become a multipurpose logistic space Expo Zaragoza 2008 Water and Sustainable Development is the best opportunity to improve and accelerate the polycentric relationships in the valley, and can contribute to cluster configuration 49

50 R10/R11/R12 RINA 12 - Andalucian polycentric Spatial Vision Partners Andalucia Contributors Granada and Sevilla 50

51 R13 RINA 13 - Forth-Clyde corridor RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In T10 Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry Northern Isles area by key functions 23 Manchester European hub 24 Dublin European hub 39 Glasgow Minor node 45 Edinburgh Minor node 47 Birmingham Minor node 55 Cork Major node Belfast Gateway port Limerick (Shannon) Major node RINA context provided by the 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition 9 Rail axis Cork-Dublin-Belfast-Stranraer 13 Road axis Ireland/UK/Benelux from Cork-Dublin-Belfast to Stranraer- Liverpool-Birmingham-Felixstowe 14 Rail axis UK West coast main line from London-Glasgow/Edinburgh 21 Motorways of the sea Four motorways of the sea are proposed, two in the Mediterranean, one in the Atlantic and one in the Baltic 26 Rail/road axis Ireland/UK-rest of Europe (see also projects 9 and 13) 4 Sea connection Brittany-Southampton 5 Connectivity Southampton-Bristol-Birmingham 51

52 R13 RINA 13 - Forth-Clyde corridor Partner Glasgow (GCVSPJC) Contributor - Edinburgh 52

53 R5b 5a Metropolitan co-operation Metropolitan co-operation for economic competitiveness in polycentric regions - a challenge to Metropolitan Governance Partners - Saxon Triangle (Dresden) and Glasgow (GCVSPJC) Joint RINA by the Saxon Triangle and Glasgow Polycentric agglomerations (polycentric metropolitan regions or combinations of neighbouring metropolitan regions) Purpose Creating competitive critical economic mass in alternative locations to the GIZ by a process of co-operation between independent governance structures. Approach In order to produce policy recommendations the RINA will organize a series of smaller working group meetings with regard to specific fields of activities and sectoral policies. Results: Review of existing studies, Definition of opportunities and challenges, Classification of polycentric metropolitan regions, Practice report, Recommendations for metropolitan governance in polycentric regions and collaborating metropolitan regions. 53

54 R15/R18 RINA 15 - Bucharest/Sofia/Thessaloniki/Athens corridor RINA 18 North-South interface (see also RINA 4, 16, 5b and 7) RINA context provided by the ESPON Final Report - Zoom In T11 Administration Transport Decision making University Tourism Industry Aegean plus area by key functions 22 Athinai European hub 59 Bucuresti Major node Potential 61 Sofya Major node 76 Timisoara Major node Varna Major node Burgas Major node RINA context provided by the 2005 reviewed 30 TEN-T projects, 9 ESPON suggestions and 1 proposed PolyMETREXplus addition 22 Rail axis Athens and Constanta to Budapest and Prague- Nürnberg/Dresden 29 Rail axis Inter modal axis from Thessaloniki-Igoumentia-Athens-Patra- Kalamata (see also project 7) 7 Connectivity axis Balkans axis from München-Ljubljana-Belgrade-Skopje- Thessaloniki-Istanbul 8 Connectivity Bucuresti-Chisnau 9 Sea connection Bari-Igoumentia 54

55 R15/R18 RINA 15 - Bucharest/Sofia/Thessaloniki/Athens corridor 55

56 R15/R18 RINA 18 North-South interface (see also RINA 4, 16, 5b and 7) Partners - Helsinki, Thessaloniki, Athens Contributors - Vilnius, Mazovia/Warzawa, Bucharest, Novisad, Sofia Purpose Europe is undergoing significant change. The challenge of spatial planning as a means of urban management is to contain the spread of urban areas and create sustainable forms of smart-city regional development within the EU framework, as laid out in 'territorial cohesion'. Land management and effective city planning are key elements in achieving urban balance. Examining inter-regional relationships and experiences will assist in helping to create spatial visions for the North-South interface of the EU. This in turn will help areas at the frontier margins a greater understanding as to how different approaches may fare in the future with regard to creating polycentric regions. Approach An interface stretching North-South from Athens to Helsinki will enable those metropolitan city-regions involved to look at what developmental innovations maybe expected in the future on a pan-european level to raise competitiveness with the core. This would entail exploring the potential economic clusters and linkages between neighbouring city-regions, help formulate actions that would engineer greater connectivity North-South and in doing so, promote sustainable forms of urban cohesion through improved cooperation at the metropolitan scale. The focus will concentrate at the inter-regional level. By doing so, it is intended to assess the potential for improving greater polycentricity within each of the metropolitan catchment areas. It would also act as a link to develop greater cohesion between diversified cultures and at the same time, create a bridge between the two farthest spheres within the EU. Task 1. Spatial Cohesion (Visions for Urban Structures). Providing analyses and profiles of where the cityregions are at, including SWOT and descriptions of urban structures, a review of polycentricity, connectivity and urban cohesion, formed around long-term spatial visions; polycentralism in practice - alternative scenarios. Task 2. Balanced Competitiveness (Inter-regional Initiatives). New growth points for economic clusters and ICT, an account of future inter-regional planning initiatives that need to be set-up, new project innovations required for connectivity,, and new network relationships for inter-regional development. Task 3a. Action Plans for Quality of Life: an account of action plans required for housing, employment, traffic and communications, and the environment to achieve balanced polycentric smart city-regions; a series of linked strategic plans across the North-South interface. Task 3b. Action Plans for Quality of Life (Policy Bridging Framework: city governance). A review of cityregional relationships (cultural, education, public services such as joint sewage treatments), complementarity between regions, city-governance and management. Task4. Connectivty: regional transport needs (bottom-up); identify impact of corridors to economy; identify regional potential for volume: territorial performance of corridors; intermodal transport development; Gateway regions / Strategic Interrelation; proposals for transport infrastructure; action to promote cross-border cooperation Task 5. What can we learn from a North-South interface? (future visions) A future scenario and long-term Strategic Plan for each city-region, with alternative opportunities and risks; criteria for smart-city regions and polycentric settlement structures; best practices to learn about achieving urban balance throughout the North-South interface; and locational dynamics relative to the GIZ core and to the frontier interface with non-eu countries to the east. 56

57 R15/R18 RINA 18 North-South interface (see also RINA 4, 16, 5b and 7) Trans-European Corridors and Sofia Bucharest metropolitan area context 57

58 R15/R18 RINA 18 North-South interface (see also RINA 4, 16, 5b and 7) The region of Central Macedonia Athens metropolitan area strategy Athens metropolitan strategy 58

59 R15/R18 RINA 18 North-South interface (see also RINA 4, 16, 5b and 7) Polish strategic context Polish strategic influences 59

60 R15/R18 RINA 18 North-South interface (see also RINA 4, 16, 5b and 7) Matzovia region context Wrazawa metropolitan area context 60

61 R15/R18 RINA 18 North-South interface (see also RINA 4, 16, 5b and 7) Lithuania MEGA context 61