Butterfly Bridge. What: Year Built Who: Total length 32m. Ingenuity 3. Beauty 4

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1 Alan Williams Butterfly Bridge Cable-stayed double arch Bedford, England Engineer: Jan Bobrowski & Partners Architect: Wilkinson Eyre Steel The two steel arches of the Butterfly Bridge reflect the curves of JJ Webster s 1888 footbridge nearby. The bridge created a new landmark for Bedford and becomes a viewing platform during its annual regatta. Year Built 1997 Clear span 32m Total length 32m Ingenuity 3

2 Daniel Hopkinson Media City Footbridge Cable-stayed / Swing Salford, England Engineer: Ramboll (formerly Gifford) Architect: Wilkinson Eyre Steel Linking Media City in Salford with Trafford Wharf over the Manchester Ship Canal, this swing-mechanism footbridge uses asymmetric cablestays with their anchor points adapted into seating. Year Built 2011 Clear span 65m Total length 83m Beauty 3

3 Stéphane Compoint Millau Viaduct Cable-stayed Millau, France Engineer: Michel Virlogeux Architect: Foster + Partners Steel, concrete This is a recording breaking vehicular bridge: it is the world s tallest bridge, with one mast reaching a height of 343m. It supersedes the Eiffel Tower as the tallest structure in France and on certain days appears to float on the clouds. Year Built 2004 Clear span 342m Total length 2460m Ingenuity 5 Beauty 5

4 Image: / CC Ros BY-NC-SA Kavanagh 2.0 University of Limerick: Living Bridge Cable Limerick, Ireland Engineer: Arup Architect: Wilkinson Eyre Steel File information Creating a living link between the established and developing campuses either side of the River Shannon, it s minimalist form has enabled the bridge to blend seamlessly into the natural beauty of it s domain. Year Built 2008 Clear span 44m Total length 350m Ingenuity 5

5 Till Niermann / CC BY-SA 3.0 Vasco da Gama Bridge Cable-stayed Lisbon, Portugal Armando Rito, Michel Virlogeux Steel, concrete Standing at 10.7 miles (17.2 km), this is the longest bridge in Europe. It is cable-stayed with viaducts that span the Tagus River near Lisbon. It is designed to withstand winds of up to 250 km/h. Year Built 1998 Clear span 420m Total length 17,200m Beauty 3

6 Synwell/ CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Second Severn Crossing Cable-stayed Wales and England W.S. Atkins Maunsell & Partners Steel, concrete Much of the Severn estuary is mudflats at low tide, but has a tidal range of 14.5 metres. This presented the engineers with a unique set of constraints with work being scheduled and completed at low tide. Year Built 1996 Clear span 456m Total length 5128m Beauty 3

7 Jim Boud / CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Langkawi Sky Bridge Cable-stayed Malaysia Wyss Planning Consulting Steel Located 700 metres above sea level at the peak of Gunung Mat Chinchang on Pulau Langkawi Island, this curved pedestrian bridge was helicoptered to the site in pieces before being assembled. It is held in place by cables from a single 82m high pylon. Year Built 2005 Clear span 125m Total length 125m Ingenuity 5

8 CC Baluarte Bridge Cable -stayed Durango, Mexico Grupa Triada Tradeco Infraestructura, IDINSA, Aceros Corey, VSL México Steel, concrete It is the highest cable-stayed bridge in the world, crossing a rocky ravine known locally as the devil s backbone. It is part of a modern transportation link connecting the Gulf of Mexico with the Pacific Ocean hoped to bring prosperity to the area. Year Built 2013 Clear span 520m Total length 1124m

9 Arup Kurilpa Tensegrity Cable-stayed Brisbane, Australia Engineer: Arup Architect: Cox Rayner Steel Richard Buckminster Fuller coined the term tensegrity to describe a system of balanced compressive and tensile forces. The Kurilpa is the largest structure to adopt these principles, creating a lightweight yet strong bridge. Year Built 2009 Clear span 120m Total length 470m Beauty 3

10 Image: / CC BY-NC-SA Techniker 2.0 Royal Victoria Dock Bridge Cable Stayed / Inverted Fink Truss London, England Engineer: Techniker Architect: Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands Steel The 15m high bridge deck with stair and lift pedestrian access allows tall boats to pass underneath. The structure allows for future installation of a gondola, transforming it into a transporter bridge. Year Built 1998 Clear span 127.5m Total length 150m Ingenuity 5

11 Marco Farino / CC BY 3.0 Pont de Normandie Cable-stayed Le Havre, France Engineer: Bernard Raspaud. Architect: Charles Lavigne Steel, concrete At its completion it briefly held the record as the longest cable-stayed bridge in the world, and had the longest distance between piers for any bridge of that type. It used more than 70,000 cubic metres of concrete and over 19,000 tonnes of steel to build it. Year Built 1995 Clear span 856m Total length 2143m

12 663highland / CC BY 2.5 Miho Museum Footbridge Cable-stayed Shigaraki, Shiga, Japan Engineer: Dr. Leslie E. Robertson Architect: I M Pei Steel The footbridge is a combination of cantilevered, cable-stayed and posttensioned design creating a shallow depth of 2m. The bridge provides a transition from a nature reserve to the museum entrance. Year Built 1997 Clear span 120 m Total length 120 m

13 Arup Øresund Bridge Cable-stayed Copenhagen, Denmark and Malmö, Sweden Engineer: Arup Architect: Georg Rotner Steel, concrete The Øresund Link is a 16km road and rail link split into three parts: a bridge, an artificial island and a tunnel. The bridge has two decks: vehicular on the upper, rail on the lower deck. The 490m span is the longest in the world to carry both decks. Year Built 2000 Clear span Total length 490m 8000m Ingenuity 5

14 Arup Stonecutters Bridge Cable-stayed Kwai Chung, Hong Kong Engineer: Arup Architect: Dissing+Weitling Steel, concrete There is a clearance of over 73m under this rail and road bridge to allow large shipping vessels to pass underneath. The design included mitigation against ship impact as well as strong typhoon wind and had to be constructed with minimal impact to shipping traffic. Year Built 2009 Clear span 1018m Total length 1600m

15 Arup Queensferry Crossing Cable-stayed Forth River, East Scotland Arup, Jacobs Engineering Concrete, steel Year Built 2016 Clear span 650m Total length 2700m The bridges overlapping cables secure the deck and avoid the need for a larger and stronger central tower, common to other cablestayed designs.

16 Ramboll (whitbybird) Spinningfields Footbridge Cable (underslung catenary) Manchester & Salford Ramboll (formerly whitbybird) Steel Year Built 2012 Clear span 44m Total length 52m Originally assembled offsite, this pedestrian footbridge was cut into three sections, transported and welded back together. Beauty 5