Targets, solutions and challenges OSLO OPERA HOUSE

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2 Targets, solutions and challenges OSLO OPERA HOUSE 2

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5 Norwegian National Opera and Ballet Location: Oslo, Norway Typology: Opera House Client: Statsbygg, The Governmental Building Agency Size: 38,500 m²

6 Norwegian National Opera and Ballet Design Team: Architect: Snøhetta HVAC: Erichsen & Horgen AS Energy: Erichsen & Horgen AS Environment: Erichsen & Horgen AS Electric&Instrumentation: Ing Per Rasmussen AS Construction design: Reinertsen

7 Types of areas - Three theatres - Orchestra rehearsal - Ballet and opera rehearsal - Tailor, carpenter and painter workshops - Offices - Restaurants

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12 REQUIREMENT I ACOUSTICS HAS HIGHEST PRIORITY Max 17 dba from ventilation system

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14 Back stage Main stage Orchestra pit Main theatre

15 Back stage x00 persons Main stage 80 persons Orchestra pit Main theatre 1350 persons

16 Mixing ventilation Displacement ventilation Displacement ventilation

17 Back stage Main stage Main theatre Min temper ature Max temper ature Humi dity CO Orchestra pit Main theatre Main stage Back stage Orchest ra pit

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19 VAV max m 3 /h VAV max m 3 /h VAV max m 3 /h Tsup = 20 o C 1. floor Tsup = 17 o C balconies

20 Two of the challenges - Supply air units - Climate in orchestra pit

21 Supply air units in main theatre Supply air from under seats from a plenum Complex construction Supply air units

22 Above floor Small openings A lot of contruction wood

23 Under floor Many installations Steel constructions Wood constructions

24 Supply air units The reduced opening area lead to redesign with a combination of units in the floor and in the step. First test of units from Lindab and Swegon showed that none of the fulfilled the sound and comfort criteria. Swegon and the sound designer of the operahouse redesigned the supply air unit and made three prototypes The prototypes were tested

25 Supply air units Ventil Ventil Ventil A B C D 34 cm 47 cm 64 cm 82 cm Sto l be n Gl as sv eg g (sy m me trili nje ) Trinn

26 Supply air units Ventil 1-17 dyser - Lower row: 2 down 1 up. Upper row: 1 down 1 up C1 C2 C3 C cm above 35 floor 0,059 0,043 0,035 0,060 0,090 m/s 0,033 0,029 0,035 0,038 0,050 SD 55,932 67, ,000 63,333 55,556 Tu 3,291 0,000 0,000 3,662 9,495 DR 0,120 0,126 0,081 0,126 0,098 m/s 0,039 0,044 0,041 0,031 0,046 SD 32,500 34,921 50,617 24,603 46,939 Tu 12,338 13,507 7,566 12,145 10,316 DR 0,095 0,075 0,048 0,063 0,065 m/s 0,038 0,045 0,032 0,040 0,042 SD 40,000 60,000 66,667 63,492 64,615 Tu 9,306 6,832 0,000 4,379 4,862 DR 0,079 0,069 0,043 0,057 0,092 m/s 0,041 0,042 0,032 0,043 0,053A SD 51,899 60,870 74,419 75,439 57,609 Tu 7,260 5,630 0,000 3,055 10,005 DR B C D 34 c m 47 c m 64 c m 82 c m Ventil St ol be Trinn Ventil Ventil n Gl as sv eg g (s y m m etr ilin je)

27 Supply air units B11 B9 B cm above 35 floor 0,192 0,151 0,097 0,135 0,105 m/s 0,067 0,066 0,045 0,050 0,050 SD 34,896 43,709 46,392 37,037 47,619 Tu 23,453 18,862 10,105 15,152 11,568 DR 0,171 0,165 0,077 0,124 0,106 m/s 0,073 0,068 0,046 0,056 0,059 SD 42,690 41,212 59,740 45,161 55,660 Tu 22,077 20,714 7,221 14,523 12,478 DR 0,158 0,130 0,032 0,090 0,130 m/s 0,069 0,069 0,026 0,065 0,062 SD 43,671 53,077 81,250 72,222 47,692 Tu 20,054 16,649 0,000 10,551 15,891 DR A B C D 34 c m 47 c m 64 c m 82 c m Ventil St ol be Trinn Ventil Ventil n Gl as sv eg g (s y m m etr ilin je)

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29 Supply air units

30 Supply air units

31 Temperatures fully occupied main theatre in the evening Scene, bak Stage, back Scene, venstre Stage left Stage Scene, right høyre Ochestra Orkestergrav pit Main Orkester theatre - orchestra Main Parkett theatre - orchestra Main Balkong theatre 1 - balcony Main Balkong theatre 2 - balcony Main theatre - balcony Balkong 3 Supply air Tilluft : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :00

32 Humidity fully occupied main theatre in the evening Scene, høyre Stage Orkestergrav Ochestra pit Parkett Main theatre - orchestra : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :50

33 The main theatre and stage has very good acoustics and indoor climate. Perfect conditions even during hot and cold outdoor conditions No complaints Temperature well within limits

34 The orchestra pit has challenges with humidity

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36 More testing in orchestra pit

37 RT04 Notestativ oc og % rel. fuktighet : : : : : :00 Temperature Temperatur Humidity Relativ fuktighet : :00 Tid

38 Aggregat Store Main Sal theatre 45,000 40,000 Temperatur oc og relativ fuktighet 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 Utetemperatur Outdoor temperature Tilluftstemperatur Supply air temperature Luftfuktighet Humidity Avtrekks-temperatur Exhaust temperature 0,000-5, Tid

39 It is likely that the fluctuations in humidity is caused by open doors out to areas with no humidification They try to keep doors closed, but it is hard to make it completely They are still not satisfied with the humidity in the orchestra pit

40 FOYER Challenges: Architects wishes: Open, light, clear glass, transparent Large glazing area towards south: (570m2) west: (389m2) north: (757m2) High number of persons (700 pers) when solar gain is higest (evening) Open balcony towards the glazing

41 FOYER Strategy summer: Displacement ventilation Solar protection glazing Solar shading - Solar cells - screen Cooling only in the balconies

42 FOYER lower part Operativ temperatur; C Optic Ombra :00 02:24 04:48 07:12 09:36 12:00 14:24 16:48 19:12 21:36 00:00 Tid

43 FOYER upper part outside balconies 45 Calculations summer (Tamb 13,1-26,7ºC), no local cooling: 40 Operativ temperatur; C Optic Ombra :00 02:24 04:48 07:12 09:36 12:00 14:24 16:48 19:12 21:36 00:00 Tid

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45 Perfect thermal comfort in foyer The foyer is a place where people hide when it is too hot outside

46 The foyer The foyer is used for high standard conferences And parties for sponsors This summer 1500 people partied there for 4 hours when it was 26 oc and sun outside. Perfect inside

47 FOYER Strategy winter: U-value 1.2 W/m 2 o C Floor heating Radiators by floor windows Spoilers at windows

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49 Solar cell facade produces more than expected

50 VEV: Life science: Biology, chemistry, pharmacy Education and research University of Oslo m2

51 1.Start design nov Ready to use 2020

52 VEV Targets: Flexibility for users BREEAM Excellent NZEB (Near Zero Energy Building)

53 VEV NZEB Energy solution: Demand control Energy efficient ventilation Passive house design Combined Heat pump/cooling with energy from ground, ~ 170 wells m 2 Energy storage Solar cells in facade and roof ~ m 2

54 VEV Very high demand for ventilation Risk for contamination of air Ventilation solutions has the highest impact on energy consumption.

55 VEV Very high demand for ventilation: 18 m 3 /hm 2 in average, m 3 /h Risk for contamination of air Type of heat exchanger: m 3 /h Coil Rotary wheel Total Ventilation solutions has the highesst impact on heating and cooling power demand and energy consumption.

56 VEV We look for solutions based on: VAV (Varible Air volume Demand control) Coil heat exchangers with efficiency on 80 % Combined heating, cooling and heat exchanger coil Low SFP (Specific fan Power) Adiabatic cooling

57 VEV Expected effect on power demand and energy consumption: Reduced energy consumption by kwh Power demand for cooling: x00 MW

58 VEV Challenges: Great uncertainty around air demand. Limited solutions on the market now.

59 Thank you! Ida Bryn Partner Erichsen & Horgen AS Professor Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences Phone: