ANTEC SUSTAINABILITY OF PVC (VINYL) PIPE: A COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW. May 9, 2017

Transcription

1 SUSTAINABILITY OF PVC (VINYL) PIPE: A COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW ANTEC May 9, 2017 PRESENTED BY: Randel Dobbs, P.E., R.P.L.S. Regional Engineer SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2556

2 THE PURPOSE OF THE PVC LCA Thorough review of LCA data Transparently report the findings to the water, sanitary sewer, and storm drainage industries Support the goals and vision of the 2010 USEPA Clean Water and Safe Drinking Water Infrastructure Sustainability Policy and the 2015 USEPA National Water Program on Climate Change Ensures the long-term sustainability of water and sewer infrastructure Comparative review of competing pipe products SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2557

3 WHAT IS A SUSTAINABLE PIPING PRODUCT? Lower Embodied Energy Sustainable Manufacturing Practices Minimal Waste During Manufacturing Transparent Disclosure of Environmental Impacts Reduced Transportation Impacts Reduced Installation Costs and Impacts Lower Initial and Operating Impacts and Cost Durable with a life of at least 100 years Reduced Pumping Energy over the lifetime Corrosion Resistance (no additional materials required to improve corrosion resistance) Low Maintenance Recyclable at End-of-Life SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2558

4 PVC PIPES IN THE STUDY Application Standard Nominal Diameter Dimension Ratio/ Pipe Stiffness AWWA C900 8 in. DR 18 Potable Water AWWA C900 8 in. DR 25 AWWA C in. DR 25 Storm Water ASTM F794 AASHTO M in. (profile wall) PS 46 ASTM F794 8 in. (profile wall) PS 46 Sanitary Sewer ASTM D in. (solid wall) PS 46 ASTM F in. (solid wall) PS 46 SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2559

5 COMPONENTS OF A LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS Product Stage (Cradle-to-Gate) Extraction and processing raw materials Raw material supply Raw material transport Manufacturing Construction Process Stage Transportation and distribution Installation Use Stage Use (operation) Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment End of Life Stage Demolition Transport Waster processing Disposal (grave) SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2560

6 LIFE CYCLE OF A PIPE Product Stage (Cradle-To-Gate) Construction Process Stage Use Phase End of Life SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2561

7 COMPONENTS OF A LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS Product Stage (Cradle-to-Gate) Extraction and processing raw materials Raw material supply Raw material transport Manufacturing Construction Process Stage Transportation and distribution Installation Use Stage Use (operation) Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment End of Life Stage Demolition Transport Waster processing Disposal (grave) SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2562

8 LIFE CYCLE OF A PIPE Product Stage (Cradle-To-Gate) Construction Process Stage Use Phase End of Life SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2563

9 PVC PIPE RAW MATERIALS Polyvinyl Chloride resin is a thermoplastic polymer. Vinyl Chloride is produced from: Chlorine (raw material: salt) Ethylene (raw material: natural gas) PVC resin is blended with other ingredients to make PVC compound Types of ingredients that are added include: Heat stabilizers Lubricants Modulus enhancers Pigments UV inhibitors SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2564

10 PRODUCT STAGE Raw Material Supply SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2565

11 PRODUCT STAGE - MANUFACTURING SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2566

12 PRODUCT STAGE - MANUFACTURING Manufacturing Raw Materials In Power (electricity) In SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2567

13 PRODUCT STAGE - MANUFACTURING SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2568

14 COMPONENTS OF A LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS Product Stage (Cradle-to-Gate) Extraction and processing raw materials Raw material supply Raw material transport Manufacturing Construction Process Stage Transportation and distribution Installation Use Stage Use (operation) Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment End of Life Stage Demolition Transport Waster processing Disposal (grave) SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2569

15 LIFE CYCLE OF A PIPE Product Stage (Cradle-To-Gate) Construction Process Stage Use Phase End of Life SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2570

16 SUSTAINABLE PIPES Construction Process Stage Reduced Transportation Impacts Reduced Installation Costs and Impacts SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2571

17 CONSTRUCTION PROCESS STAGE TRANSPORTATION AND DISTRIBUTION SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2572

18 CONSTRUCTION PROCESS STAGE CONSTRUCTION/INSTALLATION SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2573

19 COMPONENTS OF A LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS Product Stage (Cradle-to-Gate) Extraction and processing raw materials Raw material supply Raw material transport Manufacturing Construction Process Stage Transportation and distribution Installation Use Stage Use (operation) Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment End of Life Stage Demolition Transport Waster processing Disposal (grave) SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2574

20 LIFE CYCLE OF A PIPE Product Stage (Cradle-To-Gate) Construction Process Stage Use Phase End of Life SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2575

21 PVC USE PHASE ADVANTAGES Lower Initial and Operating Impacts and Cost Potentially smaller pipe needed efficient design parameters Durable with a life of at least 100 years Reduced Pumping Energy over the lifetime Less operation energy needed Corrosion Resistance (no additional materials required to improve corrosion resistance) Low Maintenance No replacement needed for years SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2576

22 PIPES COMPARED & DESIGN LIVES Pipe Lives before Replacement for LCA Pipe Material Standard Design Life (years) PVC AWWA C PVC AWWA C PVC ASTM D PVC ASTM F PVC ASTM F PVCO AWWA C DI AWWA C DI AWWA A HDPE AWWA C HDPE ASTM F PCCP AWWA C PP ASTM F VCP ASTM C Concrete ASTM C14 50 SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2577

23 FRICTION FACTORS USED Friction Factors Pipe Material Standards H-W C Manning s n PVC C900, C905, F794, D3034, F PVCO C DI C151, C104, A HDPE C906, F PP F2736 N/A PCCP/Non-Reinf. Conc. C301, C VCP C700 N/A SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2578

24 USE STAGE PUMPING SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2579

25 USE STAGE PUMPING Pumping determines the use phase power requirements for different pipe materials. The pipe does not use power, but the pipe can cause the pump to use more power to push water through a pipeline. The smaller the pipe diameter and the greater the pipe friction, then the more pump power is needed. High Service Pump Station 20 MGD Pumps SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2580

26 DESIGN EXAMPLE: 30 RAW WATER TRANSMISSION PIPELINE HYDRAULIC PROFILES PIPE MATERIAL OPTIONS PVC DI Steel PCCP HDPE Elev. = ft Elev. = ft Elev. = ft Elev. = ft Elev. = ft. SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2581

27 DESIGN EXAMPLE: 30 RAW WATER TRANSMISSION PIPELINE 1, Pump & System Curves Steel Head: 515 HP: 1,584 HDPE 4710 Head: 508 HP: 1532 PCCP Head: 465 HP: 1,410 FEET HP Pumps 1410 HP Pumps 1200 HP Pumps 900 HP Pumps 200 DI 100 Head: 387 PVC HP: 1,152 Head: HP: MGD PVC Pipe 1 PCCP Pump 2 PCCP Pumps DI Pipe Steel Pipe PCCP Pipe 1 PVC Pump 2 PVC Pumps 1 DI Pump 2 DI Pumps 1 Steel & HDPE Pump 2 Steel & HDPE Pumps HDPE Pipe SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2582

28 100-YEAR PUMPING ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2583

29 100-YEAR PUMPING COSTS COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2584

30 8 DR 18 EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2585

31 24 DR 25 EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2586

32 WHAT HAPPENS WHEN PIPES ARE NOT REPLACED? SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2587

33 Gravity Pipe Comparisons For each size and cross-section - 8 F794, 8 D3034, 24 F794, 24 F679 Cradle-to-gate embodied energy Transportation and installation embodied energy Required replacements for design lives of less than 100 years DI HDPE Polypropylene Non-reinforced concrete VCP The total of all of the above is the Total 100-year Embodied Energy SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2588

34 8 GRAVITY PIPE FLOW COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2589

35 24 GRAVITY PIPE FLOW COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2590

36 8 GRAVITY PIPES TOTAL EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2591

37 24 GRAVITY PIPES TOTAL EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2592

38 8 PS 46 F794 EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2593

39 8 PS 46 D3034 EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2594

40 24 PS 46 F794 EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2595

41 24 PS 46 F679 EMBODIED ENERGY COMPARISONS SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2596

42 COMPONENTS OF A LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS Product Stage (Cradle-to-Gate) Extraction and processing raw materials Raw material supply Raw material transport Manufacturing Construction Process Stage Transportation and distribution Installation Use Stage Use (operation) Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment End of Life Stage Demolition Transport Waster processing Disposal (grave) SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2597

43 LIFE CYCLE OF A PIPE Product Stage (Cradle-To-Gate) Construction Process Stage Use Phase End of Life SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2598

44 PVC LCA SUMMARY Utilities can use it to evaluate the sustainability of PVC pipe It proves the environmental benefits for using PVC pipe It gives PVC credits for reducing net embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions It can be used to prove PVC pipe use can provide a reduction in a carbon tax if such a tax were to be instituted SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2599

45 THANK YOU Randel Dobbs, P.E., R.P.L.S. Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association Office: (972) ext SPE ANTEC Anaheim 2017 / 2600