Report of the Committee on Industrial Trucks

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1 Report of the Committee on Industrial Trucks John IL Bouchard, Chair Sedgwick of New England, MA [I] Lewis C. Barbe, World Safety Organization, MN [SE] Bryan Bower, Buckeye Fire Equipment, NC [M] Rep. Fire Equipment Mfrs. Assn. Charles L. Crocker, Burlington Industries Inc., NC [U] John A. Gutauskas, Factory Mutual Research Corp., MA [1] Gary L. Homing, Framatome Connectors USA, Inc., PA [M] Harry Ruetschlin, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] Brian N. Tyrer, Pyroban Ltd, England [SE] Kenneth R. Van Hook, Mitsubisbi Caterpillar Forklift America Inc., TX [M] Rep. Industrial Truck Assn. Alternates Kevin Bower, Buckeye Fire Equipment, NC [M] (Alt. to B. Bower) William H. Gray, Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to H. Ruetschlin) Jerry L. Harpin, Factory Mutuai Research Corp., MA [I] (Air. to J. A. Gutauskas) William J. Montwieler, Industrial Truck Assn., DC [M] (Alt. to IC R. Van Hook) Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the safe use, maintenance, and operation of industrial trucks and other material-handling equipment to minimize fire hazards. This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the text of this edition, Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the front of this book. The Report of the Technical Committee on Industrial Trucks is presented for adoption. This Rep9rt was prepared by the Technical Committee on Industrial Trucks and proposes for adopdon amendments to NFPA , Fire Safety Standard for Powered Industrial Trucks Including Type Designations, Areas of Use, Conversions, Maintenance, and Operation. NFPA is published in Volume 7 of the 1998 National Fire Codes and in separate pamphlet form. This Report has been submitted to letter ballot of the Technical Committee on Industrial Trucks, which consists of 9 votin~ members. The results of the balloting, after circulauon of any negative votes, can be found in the report. Staf Liaison: Richard Ortlsi-Best 1026

NFPA 505 ~ A99 ROP Note: To assist in review and comment, a draft of NFPA 505 is available and downloadable from our Web Site. It is also available on the CD ROM.

2 NFPA 505 ~ A99 ROP Note: To assist in review and comment, a draft of NFPA 505 is available and downloadable from our Web Site. It is also available on the CD ROM. Paper copies of the draft are available from NFPA upon request by calling Customer Service at (Log #CP7) (1-5.1, A-l-5.1 (New)): Accept RECOMMENDATION: Revise the first sentence of 1-5,1 to read as follows and add an asterisk to to indicate explanatory material on the paragraph is in Appendix A " For any specific location, the authority having jurisdiction shall determine the hazard classification as defined in NFPA 70, National Electrical Code. (second sentence continues unchanged). Add a new explanatory statement in Appendix A as A-l-5.1 to read: A-l-5.1 Recent developments with respect to classification of hazardous areas in the National Electrical Code (NEC) have led to the Class, Zone criteria that is identified in the 1996 edition of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code. The Committee on Industrial Trucks is endeavoring to incorporate these concepts into the next revision of NFPA 505 and in the interim the Committee recommends that NFPA 497, Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas and NFPA 499, Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas be referenced for informational purposes to determine the classification into groups established by NFPA 70, National Electrical Code. SUBSTANTIATION: The Committee is working inparallel to include new information in UL documents and NFPA 505, and is working toward the inclusion of the NEC Class, Zone criteria in NFPA 505. See Committee Action on Proposal (Log #1). BARBE: Need clarification of definition of Authority (i.e., manufacture, etc.) (Log #CP1) (Table 1-6): Accept RECOMMENDATION: Add symbols K andj to two columns for Division 2 locations in Table 1-6. Add the symbol K under columns DS and ES for Division 2, Groups B and C. Add the symbol J under the same columns for Division 2, Group D. The corrected Table 1-6 read as shown on page SUBSTANTIATION: in revising NFPA 505 from the 1999 edition to the 1996 edition, several modifications were made to Class I, Division 2 categories of the Table. This proposal will correct categories that were inadvertently omitted during the previous revision. (Log #CP6) ( (New)): Accept SUBMI'VrER: Technical Committee on Industrial Trucks RECOMMENDATION: Add a new section as follows: In locations used for the storage of flammable liquids in sealed containers or liquefied or compressed flammable gases in containers, approved power-operated industrial trucks designated as Types CNS, DS, ES, GS, LPS, GS/CNS, or GS/LPS may he used if permitted for such locations by the authority having jurisdiction. Renumber text existing tinder as 1-6.$.3. SUBSTANTIATION: Tlfis text was in the 1992 edition of NFPA 505 as The intent of the Committee was to remove authorization for certain type trucks from Division 2, Group A, in Table 1-6. In the revision process the paragraph was inadvertently deleted. BARBE: See my Explanation of Negative on Proposal (Log #CP7). (Log #4) (1-6.14): Reject SUBMI'ITER: Windell F. Peters, Atlanta Gas Light Co. RECOMMENDATION: Add an Exception to and to read as follows: "Trucks converted with a listed conversion kit installed in accordance with Installation of additional safeguards to the exhaust, fuel, and electrical systems shall be performed if required in order to achieve the desired Type Designation." SUBSTANTIATION: Wording in paragraphs and leads you to believe that certairi trucks are impossible to convert. Listed kits properly installed and additional safeguards installed in accordance with the Type Designation desired should be allowed if kits are available and upgrades can be performed. COMMITTEE ACTION: Reject. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee does not believe that trucks designed for ordinary (non hazardous) locations should be converted to a type designation for use in hazardous (classified) locations. (Log #CP2) (1-6.14): Accept RECOMMENDATION: Delete sections through and revise to read as follows: Converted Industrial Trucks Power operated industrial trucks for ordinary (non hazardous) locations, that have been previously approved for or that conform to the requirements for a particular type of fuel shall be permitted to be converted to an alternate fuel in accordance with the requirements in Chapter Conversion of trucks approved for, or that conform to, the requirements for hazardous locations shall be converted in accordance with the requirements of UL 558, Standard for Safety Industrial Trucks, Internal Combustion Engine-Powered, and certified by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) Power-operated industrial trucks previously approved for, or that conform to, the requirements for Type CN, G, LP, G/CN, or G/LP, shall not be converted to a type designation for use in hazardous (classified) locations i.e., LP to LPS, G to GS, CN to CNS, etc. SUBSTANTIATION: The numerous repetitive paragraphs in the 1996 edition of NFPA 505 were developed over several years as new systems were developed. The proposal reduces redundancy and provides clarification of conversion limitations. In addition, the Committee has reconsidered the requirements in Sections and in terms of new developments. VOTE ON COMMITrEE ACTION: AFFII~4ATIVE: 7 (Log #CP3) (Chapter 3): Accept I RECOMMENDATION: Delete 3-1 and Table 3-1, revise title of chapter and renumber remaining sections as follows: Chapter 3 Conversion of Trucks 3-1 Conversion Requirements A truck designated as Type G, LP, or G/LP that is converted to another of these designations shall conform to the requirements for the new designation selected in accordance with UL 558, Standard for Safety Industrial Trucks, lntemal Combustion Engine- Powered. 1027

3 (ROP 505-2) I Where dust has resisuvity of 10 5 ohm<m, use.[. " Where dust has resistivity of 105 ohm-cm or greater. Key to Table Symbols A Type truck authorized for location described J = Type truck authorized for location described with approval of the authority having jurisdiction K = Type truck authorized to be determined by the authority having jurisdiction ~:!:i:i:~::~:~.i:!:i T)1~e truck not authorized in location described

4 NFPA 505 ~ Conversion kits for use on trucks designated as Type G, LP, or G/LP shall conform to the requirements for the type designation selected in accordance with UL 558, Standard for Safety Industrial Trucks, Internal Combustion Engine-Powered, and can be approved by a testing laboratory. 3-1.$Conversion kits for use on trucks designated as Type CN, G, LP, G/CN, or G/LP shall include the items specified in 3-1,4. The installation of the kit shall be in accordance with Where a listed conversion kit is used, a copy of the report shall be supplied to the authority having jurisdiction upon request Kits for conversion of CN, G, LP, G/CN, and G/LP trucks shall include: (a) Step-by-step installation instructions with pictorial illustration (if necessary) for clarity. (b) All parts requiredto complete the installation, including: 1. Functional components; 2. Mounting brackets and hardware; 3. Connecting wires, hoses, and fittings; and 4. Sealants, if required. (c) A durable, corrosion-resistant plate, indicating the converted type designation of the truck, for permanent mounting adjacent to the manufacturer's name plate on the truck. (d) A metal nameplate attached to tile LPG-Tank mounting identifying the fuel container assembly to be used where the conversion is to LPG and a removable fuel tank is to be used. (e) A ~asoline fuel tank, along with necessa~ mounting and connection hardware and installation instructions, where the conversion is from CNG or LPG to gasoline or dual fuels. (f) Instructions for removal or deactivation of the present components, including the gasoline tank(s), where the conversion is from gasoline or dual fuels to CNG or LPG. (g) A tank or tanks, as appropriate, along with the necessa~ mounting and connection hardware and installation instrucuons where the conversion is from LPG to CNG or dual fuels, or where " from gasoline to CNG or dual fuels and the truck is not equipped with a CNG or gasoline fuel tank, or both. (h) Instructions covering checks and tests to be performed after the conversion and prior to putting the truck into service When a conversion kit is installed, all original identification of approval or listing and type designation shall be removed, and theplate specified in 3-1.4(c) shall be installed in lieu thereof. SUBSTANTIATION: The Committee has simplified the section that address conversions of trucks, instead of attempting to list every possible conversion in a table. BARBE: See my Explanation of Negative on Proposal 505-I (Log #CP7). (Log #2) (4-6.1): Accept in Principle SUBMITTEI~ Fred Goodnight, Amerex Corp. RECOMMENDATION: Add new test to read as follows: "All industrial trucks shall be equipped with a fire extinguisher with a minimum fire rating of IA-1OB:C. Inspection and maintenance of fire extinguishers shall be in accordance with NFPA-10." SUBSTANTIATION: Proposed text willprovide requirements for fire protection of the industrial truck itself and any immediate surroundings which may be ignited by accident in the use of the industrial truck. Quick response by the truck operator by having an extinl{uisher on the vehicle can result in extinguishment of fires in their recipient stages. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: See the Committee Action on Proposal (Log #3). VOTE ON COMMITI'EE ACTION: A99 ROP (Log #CPS) (5-5): Accept SUBMYrTER: Technical Committee on Industrial Trucks I RECOMMENDATION: Make 5-5 a section title only, revise text under 5-5 as new 5-5.1, and add a new Revised section read as follows: 5-5 Safe Operating Rules Powered industrial truck operation shall be in accordance with applicable sections of ANSI B56.1, Safety Standard for Low Lift and High Lift Trucks Prior to each shift of operations, the operator of an industrial truck shall perform an inspection for safe operation, including a visual check of the general condition of the truck and presence of easily ignited combustible materials, i.e., oily rags. SUBSTANTIATION: Per recent Standards Council action, operator safety has been determined to be within the scope of the Technical Committee and the Committee feels that a safety inspection is a fundamental safety requirement that will enhance operator safety as well as fire safety in the facility in which the truck is operated. COMMrFrEE ACTION: Accept. BARBE: Add: Powered industrial trucks shall utilize nonflammable hydraulic fluids or have guards over any components which if ruptured could spray hot hydraulic fluid on the operator. Further programmed instructional material shall be provided by the original equipment manufacturer in a compartment on the powered industrial truck. (Log #3) (Chapter 6): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Darrell W. Harguth, FEMA RECOMMENDATION: Add a new Chapter 6. Renumber existing Chapter 6 as Chapter 7. Chapter 6 Fire Protection 6-1 General. Fire protection shall be in accordance with sound fire protection practices. 6-2 Fire Extinguishers Each industrial truck powered by electric motors or internal combustion engines shall be provided with approved fire extinguishers of appropriate size, type, and number as specified in NFPA 10, Standard for,portable Fire Extinguishers, for the hazard involved Extinguishers shall be securely mounted and readily accessible. If the extinguisher is to be located other than in the operator's compartment, its location shall be indicated by appropriate markings on the exterior of the vehicle. Add most current edition of NFPA-10 to the list of Reference Publications listed in the renumbered Section SUBSTANTIATION: Operating Powered Industrial Trucks without immediate access to a portable fire extinguisher is a fire hazard that the NFPA Standards need to address. As an example, NFPA's own statistics show that since 1986, there have been over 700 fire incidents ~ - involving forklifts alone - resulting in a yearly fire loss of over $ In addition to forklifts, there are many other specialized industrial trucks which presently do not have portable fire extinguishers readily available for the operator. This protection is needed not only for fires involving the truck itself, but for subsequent fires caused by accidents during the operation of the specialized trucks. No other NFPA Standard or code addresses this issue. NFPA-$7, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines, addresses fire safety by requiring portable fire extinguishers at stationary engines of lohorsepower or more. Similarly, sound fire protection requires that fire extinguishers be provided when engines are mounted on industrial trucks - especially when they may be moving all types of flammable and combustible commodities. Similar sound reasoning is applied in NFPA-512, Standard for Truck Fire Protection where portable fire extinguishers are a requirement for such equipment. It is time to make NFPA-505, a ~ Standard for the safe operation of Powered Industrial Trucks. 1029

NFPA 505 -- A99 ROP Add a new Chapter 6, as recommended, and renumber existing Chapter 6.

5 NFPA A99 ROP Add a new Chapter 6, as recommended, and renumber existing Chapter 6. New Chapter 6 will read as follows: Chapter 6 Portable Fire Extinguishers 6-1" Where required by the authority havingjurisdictlon or end user, to equip an industrial truck with a portable extinguisher, die location of the extinguisher on the truck shall be in accordance with the truck manufactucer's recommendations Industrial trucks shall be equipped with portable extinguishers only where truck operators have been trained in die safe operation and use of portable extinguishers The type of extinguisher nsed on a truck shall be in accordance with the hazard classification guidance provided in NFPA 10, Portable Fire Extinguishers. 6-2 Maintenance Extinguishers shall be maintained in accordance with Chapter 4 of NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, and records shall be kept in accordance with these requirements Recharging procedures shall follow the requirements of Chapter 4 of NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers Extinguishers that are out of service for maintenance or recharge shall be replaced with extinguishers having the same agent, rating, and operating procedure. 6-3 H~drostatic Testing Extinguisher shells and appurtenant devices such as nozzles, hoses, and pressure cartridges shall be hydrostatically tested in accordance with Chapter 5 of NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers. Add Explanatory Material on paragraph 6-1 to Appendix A as new A-6-1, to read as follows: A-6-1 It is recognized that there may be situations where portable extinguishers, mounted safely and accessible on industrial trucks, are desirable or required by local or state agencies or the end user. However, it should be pointed out that there may be some opposition to provision of an extinguisher on an industrial truck, including operator training issues, size and rating of the extinguisher, access and visibility of the extinguisher(s) on the truck, and protection from damage to the extinguisher itself (mounting). Space allowance for only small extinguishers (1-A:10-B:C) may provide a false sense of security, as these extinguishers have limited capability. NFPA 10 does not provide specific guidance for the installation of portable extinguishers for all industrial trucks as included in die scope of NFPA 505. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee agreed with the recommendation, but chose to modify the requtrements so that extinguishers are not mandated for every industrial truck, regardless of fuel type, size, type designation, or areas of use. NUMBER OF COMM1TTEi~ MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 9 BARBE: Delete "sound" and replace with "state of die art ~ in 6-1. (Log #1) (Entire Document): Accept in Principle SUBMITTER: Brian Tyrer, Pyroban Lhnited Endeavor Works RECOMMENDATION: It is proposed that the requirements for trucks operating'in Hazardous Areas be removed from NFPA 505 and incorporated into a new standard dedicated to Industrial Trucks for Use in Hazardous Areas. SUBSTANTIATION: Currendy NFPA 505 incorporates the requirements for Fire and Electric Shock Safety of Industrial Trucks together with the requirements for hazardous area operation of Industrial Trucks. These are clearly two different sets of requirements and technologies and it is believed that the current structure of NFPA 505 is misleading in its guidance on requirements. Currently only EX rated industrial trucks are rated as suitable for use in a hazardous area. Other categories of machine are assessed for fire and electric shock hazard only, yet NFPA 505 currently allows such machines to be used in hazardous areas. Amendments to the NFPA 505 structure are currendy being published, based on a paper presented to thecommittee in April However, it is believed that with regard to the future requirements of hazardous area applications, the current changes are insufficient and that a new Standard for Industrial Trucks operating in Hazardous Areas is required. There are already well established standards in the USA defining the requirements for Explosion proof and Dust Ignition proof Equipment for use in Division 1 and Division 2 areas and these reqmrements should be incorporated in the proposed new standard. Additionally, following acceptance by NFPA of the IEC 79 series of standards as published in NFPA 70, Article 505, 1996, an Industrial Truck Hazardous Area Standard is now required to incorporate these IEC standards. COMMITTEE STATEMENT: The Committee is working in arallel to include new information in UL documents and NFPA p 05. The Committee has formally requested d~at UL evaluate what needs to be put in place to evaluate standards for industrial trucks for operation in Zone 1 and Zone 2 locations and for Division 2 applications. Background information submitted by Mr. Tyrer will be recirculated to Committee Members for review prior to the next meeting of the committee. All of these activities are driven by the need for future harmonization with the European Community and to include die NEC Article 505, Class, Zone criteria in NFPA 505. NUMBER OF COMMI'VrEE MEMBERS ELIGIBLE TO VOTE: 9. BARBE: The reason for my negative vote is that we need one book on the shelf that contains all of the standards, not two or three, etc. COMMENT ON AFFIRMATIVE: RUETSCHLIN: Although we have not seen the evidence to suggest and support Pyroban's conclusions, we realize that we need to harmonize the requirements with Europe (zones). (Log #CP4) (Entire Document): Accept SUBMITrER: Technical Committee on Industrial Trucks I RECOMMENDATION: Completely revise NFPA 505, including revisions to Chapters 1, 3, and 5 as shown in previous proposals, add a new Chapter 6 ant1 make other revisions as indicated by other Proposals. The draft is shown at the end of this report. SUBSTANTIATION: The Committee made substantial changes in Chapters 1 and 3 and felt that further review of these sections and other chapters of the standard might disclose other text and requirements that were impacted by those changes and diat also require revision. The Committee therefore is inviting review and comment on the entire document. 1030

Report of the Committee on

Report of the Committee on Industrial Trucks John IC Boucharcl, Chair Sedgwick of New England Inc., MA [1] Lewis C. Barbe, World Safety Organization, MN [SE] Bryan Bower, Buckeye Fire Equipment. NC [M]