Graduation Plan for AE students

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Chester Hall
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1 Graduation Plan for AE students Personal Information Thyrza Bauer Stil gezicht RV Delft Studio Architectural Engineering First teacher: Mauro Parravicini Second teacher: Regina Bokel Third teacher: Engbert van der Zaag Why Architectural Engineering? For me Architectural Engineering combines two things I am interested in, the technical fascination and the existing building stock. For me it was always fascinating to find out how things are built. So every time my parents stripped a room to fully renew it, it was me who was helping them and watching how al the building materials came together and how the building structure was made. The second part of my interest is the existing building stock. There are so many vacant buildings, which could use an upgrade. Therefore, I am interested in how you can transform them to present standards with the use of new techniques. Title of the graduation project The greenhouse transition zone: renewing the existing Airey strip and making it energy neutral by adding a greenhouse.

Graduation Project Problem Statement In the Western garden city Westerlijke tuinsteden, located in Amsterdam-West, you can find the Airey strip (figure 1).

2 Graduation Project Problem Statement In the Western garden city Westerlijke tuinsteden, located in Amsterdam-West, you can find the Airey strip (figure 1). It is a strip consisting of thirteen building blocks of which two blocks share a common garden. The entrance is located on the other side of the building block where it shares the parking lot with another building block. These postwar buildings where made using the Airey method of building systems. The way in which these building blocks where positioned is what makes them so special. One building block was placed north-south and the building block on the other side of the common garden was placed a bit rotated relative to the first one. Meaning they form a garden on the south side. To enclose this garden smaller building blocks where added on the north part of the north-south oriented building block. These building blocks are now outdated and don t meet the present comfort standards so they are in need of an upgrade. Especially when we keep in mind that buildings should be energy neutral in The main problems of the building blocks are related to three aspects; climatic, spatial, and social. The climatic problem consists of several aspects. The ventilation of the apartments. This is regulated through holes in the wall. The inside temperature of the apartment (hot in the summer and cold in the winter) due to bad insulation. As well as cold bridges due to the steel frame of the balcony, which is directly connected, with the inner construction of the building block without a thermal barrier. The last aspect is the total energy use of the building block, which is quit high. The spatial problem, meaning that most of the apartments are too narrow in their scope, are too narrow in the dimensions as well as in the height. Furthermore, every apartment has a balcony that fills up a part of the inner space. This reduces the living space even more. Besides this there is no connection between the upper floors and the common garden. Since there is no real connection between these two, when you want to enter the common garden you have to walk around the building to reach it. There by the first few meters after the façade are used by the ground floor as a garbage assembly point. The social aspect is that there is no real space for social gathering. You have the common garden but this is not used due to the fact that the upper floors can t easily reach the garden and the first meters are used as garbage assembly point. This is strange because the residents currently use an empty apartment to get together instead. This shows me that the residents would like a place to meet, however the current situation of the building blocks and the garden do not provided or stimulate this possibility. Figure 1. The Airey strip in the Western garden city of Amsterdam.

3 Objective My objective is about the following two things: 1. Energy neutrality; and 2. Diversity within the housing options. My technical fascination is about the greenhouse. So I want to find out how a greenhouse can contribute to obtaining an energy neutral building. This could be done in the way of the climatic problems of the existing Airey building blocks of the Amsterdam garden city. The greenhouse could function as a climatic buffer zone that can help improving the indoor temperature, the ventilation problems, the insulation problems as well as the total energy that is needed for the building block. The greenhouse can be a second solution for the spatial problem. This transition zone can function as the routing area and even function as an expansion zone for the apartments. The greenhouse could provide easy access to the garden from within the building blocks so the current gardens could be used again and extent the living space of the inhabitants. By integrating the technical, spatial and social aspects of the greenhouse the building blocks could work again in a more sufficient manner. If this solution can work on the scale of the site; two building blocks and a common garden, it can be extended to the scale of the whole strip. About the diversity within the housing options, most of the apartments in the Airey building blocks are not only to narrow in scope but they all have the same configuration. Therefore, they are all focused on the same type of residents instead of focusing on a mixed group of residents that can benefit from each other. Overall design question Can a greenhouse be added to the existing Airey building blocks in order to obtain an energy neutral building while accomplishing diversity within the housing options? Thematic Research Question Can a greenhouse improve the total energy use and the indoor thermal comfort of the existing Airey building block in a way that it could contribute to an energy neutral building? Sub questions building: - What are the climatic problems of the existing Airey building block? - What are the energetic problems of the existing Airey building block? - What is the required indoor thermal comfort for the existing Airey building block Sub questions technical: - How can a greenhouse improve the indoor thermal comfort of the existing Airey building blocks? - How can a greenhouse improve the energy demand of the existing Airey building blocks? - Up to what extend could the greenhouse provide to an energy neutral building? What needs to be added to reach energy neutrality? - What is the best way to design a greenhouse?

4 o What materials should be used? o What is the maximum space needed to perform in the most efficient way? Sub questions diversity within the housing options: - What are the spatial needs of different residents? - Should there be extra space added to reach these demands? - Can the greenhouse contribute to the spatial aspects? - What are the floorplan configurations for the different residents? - Are all the needed functions for the different residents in the surrounding should there be functions added? Methodologies - Location make use of the tour given in week 2, the existing drawings of the building blocks and literature o Find out what does not and what does work now, building and garden. o Find out what should be improved in the energy use and the indoor thermal comfort, socially and spatially aspects. o Find out what aspects of the location the residents like and which not. o Find out what aspects of the building the residents like and which not. o Define what an energy improvement and an improvement for the indoor thermal comfort would be define for every aspect what better is. - Literature Technical o Research how greenhouses work. o Research how energy neutrality can be reached. o Research up to what end the greenhouses can provide for an energy neutral building. Diversity within the housing options o What are the needs of different residents? o How can a building be transformed to obtain a deviation in the floorplan? - Precedents o How are greenhouses used now? o How are greenhouses build? Look at existing presidents analyze about 10 precedents 1. Prêt-à-Loger Solar Decathlon TU Delft Kaswoning voor starters te Almere - Marc Koehler architects 2013 concept 3. Villa Flora te Venlo Architecten- en ingenieursbureau Kristinsson Agrarische hogeschool te Dronten BDG architecten Het Rode Dorp te Den Haag - Braaksma & Roos Architects Mail de Fontenay te La Courneuve, Frankrijk Lacaton & Vassal Crystal Court te Amsterdam - Tangram Architekten Woningen met ateliers, Eva Lanxmeer te Culemborg - KWSA architecten ingenieurs 2009, 2006 en Woonhuis dierenarts te Maasstad - Böhtlingk architectuur BEO-centrum te Nootdorp Eric Paardekooper Overan, Olll architecten 2003

11. Maxima Medisch Centrum, pyjama tuin te Veldhoven MVRDV 2002 12. Senioren woning, St. Joseph te Hengelo (mussenstraat 8?

5 11. Maxima Medisch Centrum, pyjama tuin te Veldhoven MVRDV Senioren woning, St. Joseph te Hengelo (mussenstraat 8?) - Architecten- en ingenieursbureau Kristinsson 2001 Online nothing has been pubished. 13. Lumen, IBN Institute for forestry and nature research te Wageningen - Stefan Behnisch architekten Sungalow te Stef Huisman, Blom Architects - Design o Make models (3D and visable) of different greenhouses with different shapes and measures. o Sketch different solutions for the greenhouse. o Sketch different floorplan configurations. o Research how the extra needed space could be added in sketch and (3D) models. Inspiration

6 Planning

7 Relevance Not only in the Western garden city of Amsterdam you can find outdated post-war buildings with a common garden. There are a lot of different places where you can find this typology with the same problem. The outdated building blocks, they are not confirming the standards of these days let alone the fact that buildings should be energy neutral in Thereby you have the fact that the apartments are to narrow, the lack of social coherence, the use of the outer space as a garbage assembly or it is not used at all due to safety reasons. Therefore, if I can find a solution that could work in Amsterdam it can be implemented in other places as well. When it is possible to find a solution in which several aspects like the climatic, the narrowness of the apartment and the social cohesion can be solved. In which there will be a connection between the building blocks and their surroundings, the common gardens. It could solve a lot of problems for post-war building sites. Literature Beek, A. v.d., Haar, H. ter. (2009). Bouwen met groen en glas; in uitvoering. Duurzame innovaties voor wonen en werken. Boxtel: Aeneas. Dobbelsteen, A. v. d. (Ed.) (2012). Integrated sustainable design. Delft/Deventer: Delftdigitlpress. Henket, M. (2008). Bouwen met groen en glas. Kas biedt extra klimaatzone. De Architect, 9(september), Rodenburg, J. (2009). 80 procent minder energie naar koelen en verwarmen. energie+, 2(maart), Smith, P. F. (2005). Architecture in a climate of change. oxford: Architectural press. Stang, A. a. H., C. (2005). the green house. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.

Graduation Plan. Master of Science Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences

Graduation Plan. Master of Science Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences Graduation Plan Master of Science Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences Graduation Plan: All tracks The graduation plan consists of at least the following data/segments: Personal information Name