Disaster Risk Reduction

Transcription

1 Disaster Risk Reduction Methods, Approaches and Practices For further volumes:

2 Scope of The Series About the Series Disaster risk reduction is a process, which leads to the safety of community and nations. After the 2005 World Conference on Disaster Reduction, held in Kobe, Japan, the Hyogo Framework for Action [HFA] was adopted as a framework of risk reduction. The academic research and higher education in disaster risk reduction has made / is making gradual shift from pure basic research to applied, implementation oriented research. More emphasis is given on the multi-stakeholder collaboration and multi-disciplinary research. Emerging university networks in Asia, Europe, Africa and Americas have urged for the process-oriented research in disaster risk reduction field. Keeping this in mind, this new series will promote the outputs of action research on disaster risk reduction, which will be useful for a wider range of stakeholders including academicians, professionals, practitioners, and students and researchers in the related field. The series will focus on some of emerging needs in the risk reduction field, starting from climate change adaptation, urban ecosystem, coastal risk reduction, education for sustainable development, community based practices, risk communication, human security etc. Through academic review, this series will encourage young researchers and practitioners to analyze field practices, and link it to theory and policies with logic, data and evidences. Thus, the series emphasizes evidence based risk reduction methods, approaches and practices. Series Editor Rajib Shaw, Kyoto University, Japan Editorial Advisory Group 1. Ms. Margareta Wahlstorm, Special Representative of the Secretary General of the United Nations for the Disaster Risk Reduction, and head of UN ISDR (International Strategy for Disaster Reduction), Geneva, Switzerland 2. Dr. Juha Uitto, Deputy Director, Evaluation Office, UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), NY, USA 3. Professor Kaoru Takara, Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 4. Professor Joy Jacquline Pereira, University Kebansan Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia 5. Professor David Sanderson, Director, Centre for Development and Emergency Practice (CENDEP), Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford Brooks University, Oxford, UK 6. Dr. Anshu Sharma, Board Member, SEEDS India, Delhi, India 7. Professor Ailsa Holloway, Director, Disaster Mitigation for Sustainable Livelihoods Programme, Stellenbosch University, South Africa 8. Professor Arnold Howitt, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, USA 9. Professor Fuad Mallick, Chair of Disaster Management Program, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh 10. Professor Jayant K Routray, Coordinator of Disaster Preparedness, Mitigation and Management Academic Program, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand

3 Rajib Shaw Editor Disaster Recovery Used or Misused Development Opportunity

4 Editor Rajib Shaw International Environment and Disaster Management Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ISSN ISSN (electronic) ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Springer Tokyo Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: Springer Japan 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

5 Preface Disaster recovery has been discussed for many years. Quite often, post-disaster recovery leads to rebuilding risk; recovery efforts are not informed by lessons learned and experience from previous disasters; recovery needs assessment has not been demand-driven; stakeholder consultative processes are weak; and institutions set up to manage recovery have not led to sustained national and local capacity for disaster reduction. There is increasing evidence from recent disasters that well-informed and wellprepared local governments and local communities can minimize the impacts of disasters. It is a well-accepted fact that communities vary from place to place, and their perception and ways of responding to disaster also vary. Therefore, it is important to decentralize policy and to customize it based on local needs and priorities. For large countries in Asia such as China, India, and Indonesia, different provinces have different cultural, socio-economic, and ethnic contexts. Thus, risk-reduction activities also need to be customized based on local contexts. Disaster recovery can be a development opportunity, provided the recovery process is used in combination with an appropriate governance system. A strong local government is often found to be effective for a successful recovery process. However, governance alone is not enough; it needs to be linked to appropriate technology, innovation, and education systems. In this book, a framework of GET (governance education technology) is proposed for a successful recovery program. Examples from different post-disaster situations are examined and a common framework for GET and cross-cutting issues is described here. This book is written for students and young researchers aspiring to a career in disaster risk reduction and environmental studies. I hope that they will find the book useful and relevant to their work. Kyoto, Japan Rajib Shaw v

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7 Contents 1 Post Disaster Recovery: Issues and Challenges... 1 Rajib Shaw Part I Governance and Institutional Issues 2 Post-Disaster Reconstruction and Institutional Mechanisms for Risk Reduction: A Comparative Study of Three Disasters in India V. Thiruppugazh 3 Collaborative Governance and Disaster Recovery: The National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) in the U.S Naim Kapucu 4 Typhoon Morakot and Institutional Changes in Taiwan Jet-Chau Wen, Shao-Yang Huang, Chi-Feng Lin, Chia-Chen Hsu, and Wen-Ni Chen 5 Institution and Governance Related Learning from the East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Mikio Ishiwatari 6 Institutional Response in Education Sector in Kesennuma City Yukihiko Oikawa Part II Education and Learning 7 Implication of Floods 2010 on Education Sector in Pakistan Amir Nawaz Khan and Amjad Ali vii

8 viii Contents 8 Role of Civil Society and its Role in Formal and Informal Education as a Part of Disaster Recovery Manu Gupta 9 New Insights of Education Sector from East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Yukiko Takeuchi and Rajib Shaw 10 School Based Community Recovery in Kamaishi, Japan Shohei Matsuura and Rajib Shaw Part III Technology and Innovations 11 Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction in Indonesia: Review and Lessons from Aceh, Yogyakarta, West Java and West Sumatera Earthquakes Krishna S. Pribadi, Dyah Kusumastuti, Saut A.H. Sagala, and Ramanditya Wimbardana 12 Coastal Zone Management in Tamil Nadu, India: Challenges and Innovations R.R. Krishnamurthy, K. Chandrasekar, and D. Shanmugam 13 Post-Aila Community Recovery Innovations and Planning Fuad Mallick and Aminul Islam 14 Incorporating Traditional Knowledge in Post Disaster Recovery to Integrate Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction Anshu Sharma and Sahba Chauhan 15 Technological and Innovative Measures to Improve Flood Disaster Recovery Following Mumbai 2005 Mega-Flood Kapil Gupta and Vinay Nikam Part IV Cross-cutting Issues 16 Mangrove Management and Cyclone Risk Reduction in Kachchh, Gujarat R. Parthasarathy and Mahima Gupta 17 Adaptive and Transformative Capacities of Communities After Disaster: The Case of Oil Spill in Guimaras, Philippines Andrew Eusebio S. Tan and Juan M. Pulhin 18 Environmental Management and Urban Recovery Akhilesh Surjan and Rajib Shaw

9 Contents ix 19 Integrated Healthcare as the Future of Disaster Recovery Potential in Tohoku Region Kenji Isayama and Rajib Shaw 20 Role of Community Radio in Post Disaster Recovery: Comparative Analysis of Japan and Indonesia Junichi Hibino and Rajib Shaw 21 Disaster Recovery as a Development Vehicle Rajib Shaw About the Editor

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11 Contributors Amjad Ali Center for Disaster Preparedness and Management, Peshawar University, Peshawar, Pakistan K. Chandrasekar National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Hyderabad, India Sahba Chauhan SEEDS India, Delhi, India Wen-Ni Chen National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan Kapil Gupta Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India Mahima Gupta Faculty of Planning and Public Policy, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India Manu Gupta SEEDS, Delhi, India Junichi Hibino Radio FM YY, Kobe, Japan Chia-Chen Hsu National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan Shao-Yang Huang National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan Kenji Isayama Department of Medical Science and Technology, Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima, Japan Mikio Ishiwatari Japan International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan Aminul Islam United Nations Development Prorgamme, Dhaka, Bangladesh Naim Kapucu School of Public Administration, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA xi

12 xii Contributors Amir Nawaz Khan Center for Disaster Preparedness and Management, Peshawar University, Peshawar, Pakistan R.R. Krishnamurthy University of Madras Arts and Science College and University Constituent College, Kanchipuram Dist, India Dyah Kusumastuti Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Technology Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia Chi-Feng Lin National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan Fuad Mallick Postgraduate Programs in Disaster Management, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Shohei Matsuura International Environment and Disaster Management, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Vinay Nikam Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India Yukihiko Oikawa Kesennuma City Education Board, Kesennuma, Japan R. Parthasarathy Faculty of Planning and Public Policy, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India Krishna S. Pribadi Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Technology Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia Juan M. Pulhin College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Philippines Saut A.H. Sagala School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development, Institute of Technology Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia Rajib Shaw International Environment and Disaster Management, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Yukiko Takeuchi Global Survivability Studies (GSS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan V. Thiruppugazh Gujarat Institute of Disaster Management, Gandhinagar, India D. Shanmugam Department of Applied Geology, University of Madras, Chennai, India Anshu Sharma SEEDS India, Delhi, India Akhilesh Surjan Global Survivability Studies (GSS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Andrew Eusebio S. Tan West Visayas State University, Iloilo City, Philippines

13 Contributors xiii Jet-Chau Wen National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan Ramanditya Wimbardana School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development, Institute of Technology Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia