Disaster Risk Reduction

Transcription

1 Disaster Risk Reduction Methods, Approaches and Practices Series Editor Rajib Shaw, Kyoto University, Japan

2 A BOUT THE SERIES S COPE OF THE SERIES Disaster risk reduction is a process which leads to the safety of community and nations. After the 2005 World Conference on Disaster Reduction, held in Kobe, Japan, the Hyogo Framework for Action [HFA] was adopted as a framework of risk reduction. The academic research and higher education in disaster risk reduction has made/is making gradual shift from pure basic research to applied, implementation- oriented research. More emphasis is given on the multi-stakeholder collaboration and multi-disciplinary research. Emerging university networks in Asia, Europe, Africa and Americas have urged for the process-oriented research in disaster risk reduction field. Keeping this in mind, this new series will promote the outputs of action research on disaster risk reduction, which will be useful for a wider range of stakeholders including academicians, professionals, practitioners, and students and researchers in the related field. The series will focus on some of the emerging needs in the risk reduction field, starting from climate change adaptation, urban ecosystem, coastal risk reduction, education for sustainable development, community based practices, risk communication, human security, etc. Through academic review, this series will encourage young researchers and practitioners to analyze field practices, and link it to theory and policies with logic, data and evidences. Thus, the series emphasizes evidence based risk reduction methods, approaches and practices. E DITORIAL ADVISORY GROUP 1. Ms. Margareta Wahlstorm, Special Representative of the Secretary General of the United Nations for the Disaster Risk Reduction, and head of UN ISDR (International Strategy for Disaster Reduction), Geneva, Switzerland 2. Dr. Juha Uitto, Deputy Director, Evaluation Office, UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), NY, USA 3. Professor Kaoru Takara, Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 4. Professor Joy Jacquline Pereira, University Kebansan Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia 5. Professor David Sanderson, Director, Centre for Development and Emergency Practice (CENDEP), Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford Brooks University, Oxford, UK 6. Dr. Anshu Sharma, Board Member, SEEDS India, Delhi, India 7. Professor Ailsa Holloway, Director, Disaster Mitigation for Sustainable Livelihoods Programme, Stellenbosch University, South Africa 8. Professor Arnold Howitt, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, USA 9. Professor Fuad Mallick, Chair of Disaster Management Program, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh 10. Professor Jayant K Routray, Coordinator of Disaster Preparedness, Mitigation and Management Academic Program, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand More information about this series at

3 Takako Izumi Rajib Shaw Editors Disaster Management and Private Sectors Challenges and Potentials

4 Editors Takako Izumi International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) Tohoku University Sendai, Japan Rajib Shaw Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan ISSN ISSN (electronic) Disaster Risk Reduction ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Library of Congress Control Number: Springer Tokyo Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Springer Japan 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Japan KK is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

5 Preface The year 2015 will be an important year for disaster risk reduction (DRR) practitioners and scholars, as the international DRR framework, the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) adopted in 2005, is slated for revision. In the last 10 years, there has been significant progress in DRR. The HFA has sought the involvement and active participation of various stakeholders, including governments, international and regional organizations, NGOs, civil society organizations, scientific communities, and the private sector. Recently, there has been particular demand for the private sector s engagement in DRR, as this group is affluent with human and financial resources, knowledge, skills, technology, networks, and various capacities to contribute to building disaster resilience. In this global economy, the role of the private sector in DRR is crucial. In addition to protecting its own investments and businesses to ensure regular operations and production during and after disasters, the private sector must also help protect global supply chains. Furthermore, the private sector must understand that participation in DRR initiatives might create business opportunities and expand business markets. At the same time, other stakeholders, such as governments, NGOs, and academia, must involve private sector businesses as key participants not just as donors in program development and planning processes. This book includes a collection of 20 case studies and practices of DRR initiatives by the private sector. The first part focuses on overviews and regional cases from Asia, Europe, Africa, and Central America, as well as perspectives from the international level, such as those of UNISDR and APEC. The second part draws upon cases at the national level, from India, Japan, the United States, Vietnam, Thailand, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Nepal. This book is written for students, young researchers, and practitioners in the fields of DRR. We hope they will find it useful and relevant to their work. Sendai, Japan Kyoto, Japan Takako Izumi Rajib Shaw v

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7 Contents 1 Overview and Introduction of the Private Sector s Role in Disaster Management... 1 Takako Izumi and Rajib Shaw 2 Global Overview on the Role of the Private Sector in Disaster Risk Reduction: Scopes, Challenges, and Potentials Debbra A.K. Johnson and Yoshiko Abe 3 Experience of APEC in Disaster Management: Importance of BCP Wei-Sen Li 4 Role of Regional Organizations for Enhancing Private Sector Involvement in Disaster Risk Reduction in Developing Asia Ranit Chatterjee and Rajib Shaw 5 Experiences of Private Sector Involvement in DRR in Europe: Focus on Insurance Jonas Joerin and Yuner Luo 6 Experiences of Africa: Status and Potentials Dewald van Niekerk, Everson Ndlovu, and Paul Chipangura 7 Elements to Enhance Private Sector Engagement in Disaster Risk Reduction in Central America Tsuneki Hori 8 The Role of Micro Enterprises in Disaster Risk Reduction in India Nitin Srivastava and Rajib Shaw 9 Role of Private Sectors and BCP in Japan Takahiro Ono vii

8 viii Contents 10 District Continuity Intensification by Supporting a BCP for Construction Companies: A New Development Model in Japan Chikako Isouchi 11 Cross-Sector Partnerships in Managing Disasters: Experiences from the United States Fatih Demiroz and Naim Kapucu 12 Public Private Partnership: Emerging Role of the Private Sector in Strengthening India s Disaster Resilience Ranit Chatterjee and Rajib Shaw 13 Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies of Japanese Private Sector in Danang City Hung Nguyen The, Ranit Chatterjee, and Rajib Shaw 14 Thailand Floods and Impact on Private Sector Aslam Perwaiz 15 Experience of Bangladesh: Focus on Innovative Models of Private Sector Engagement in Risk Reduction Takako Izumi, Rajib Shaw, and Saroj Dash 16 Malaysian Experiences: The Private Sector and NGO Collaboration in Risk Reduction Anisha Mathan and Takako Izumi 17 Indonesian Experiences of Private Sector Involvement: Focus on Partnership Victor Rembeth 18 Experience of Nepal: Implication to Risk Reduction Man B. Thapa, Naresh Giri, and Manish Basnyat 19 Malaysian Experiences: Public-Private Partnership Involvement in Disaster Risk Reduction in Community Resilience in Malaysia Nafesa Ismail, Takako Izumi, and Rajib Shaw 20 Challenges and Potentials of Private Sectors in Disaster Management Rajib Shaw and Takako Izumi

9 Contributors Yoshiko Abe UNISDR Private Sector Partnerships, Geneva, Switzerland Manish Basnyat Public Private Partnership, Kathmandu, Nepal Ranit Chatterjee Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan Paul Chipangura Institute for Development Studies, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Saroj Dash Concern, Dhaka, Bangladesh Fatih Demiroz Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, United States Naresh Giri Urban Disaster Risk Reduction, Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Programme, UNDP, Kathmandu, Nepal Tsuneki Hori Infrastructure Department, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, DC, USA Hung Nguyen The Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan Nafesa Ismail Graduate School of Safety Science, Kansai University, Suita, Japan Chikako Isouchi Crisis & Security Management Research Center, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan Takako Izumi International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan Jonas Joerin Human-Environment Systems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Debbra A.K. Johnson UNISDR Private Sector Partnerships, Geneva, Switzerland ix

10 x Contributors Naim Kapucu School of Public Administration, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA Wei-Sen Li Secretary General, National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, New Taipei City, Taiwan APEC Emergency Preparedness Working Group, 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapore, Singapore Yuner Luo Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, Institute for Cartography and Geoinformation, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Anisha Mathan Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Everson Ndlovu Institute for Development Studies, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Takahiro Ono Risk Consulting Office, Mitsubishi Corporation Insurance Co., Tokyo, Japan Asian Disaster Reduction Centre, Kobe, Japan Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan Aslam Perwaiz Department of Disaster Risk Management Systems, Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre (ADPC), Phyathai, Bangkok, Thailand Victor Rembeth Disaster Resource Partnership (DRP), Jakarta, Indonesia Rajib Shaw Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan Nitin Srivastava Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan Man B. Thapa Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme, UNDP, Dhaka, Bangladesh Dewald van Niekerk African Centre for Disaster Studies, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa

11 About the Editor Takako Izumi is an Associate Professor at the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Japan. She also serves as Program Coordinator of the Multi-Hazards Program under the Association of Pacific Lim Universities (APRU), which comprises 45 universities and academic institutes in the Pacific Lim. Her research interests include international and regional frameworks/strategies for disaster risk reduction (DRR), international humanitarian assistance, and DRR initiatives at the local and community levels. Previously, she worked for the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA), for disaster response coordination in Asia, and for an international NGO as general manager of the disaster response and DRR programs. Rajib Shaw is a Professor in the Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies of Kyoto University, Japan. He worked closely with the local communities, NGOs, governments and international organization, including United Nations, especially in the Asian countries. He is currently the Chair of the United Nations Asia Regional Task Force for Urban Risk Reduction, and the President of Asian University Network of Environment and Disaster Management (AUEDM). His research interests are: community based disaster risk management, climate change adaptation, urban risk management, and disaster and environmental education. He has published several books in the field of disaster and environmental management. He is also the Chief Editor of Asian Journal of Environment and Disaster Management. xi