for 21 st Century Challenges

Transcription

1 for 21 st Century Challenges Ellen Dunham-Jones, AIA Professor, MSUD Coordinator, Georgia Institute of Technology Images are for academic purposes only and may not have copyright approval

2 unintended consequences : public health & aging suburban living raises risk of obesity, suicide, and death by automobile crashes climate change & sustainability suburbanites have higher carbon footprints than urbanites living compactly reduces per capita water and energy use traffic and auto-dependence suburbia overburdens arterials and underuses local streets, in a vicious spiral poverty and social capital since 2005 more Americans in poverty live in suburbs than cities affordability low density costs municipalities more to serve with less revenue per acre drive til you qualify savings are wiped out by rising transportation costs

3 1100 shopping malls: 1/3 are dead or dying 50,000+ strip malls, 10% vacancy rate big box stores, 300 mil vacant sf? suburban office vacancy rates 16-24%

4 market driver headlines : demographic shifts suburbia simply isn t family-focused anymore. 2/3 of suburban hh s don t have kids, 85% of new hh s won t through Millennials value wifi, nightlife and connectedness more than cars. 58% of 65+ want walkable urbanism (Pew, 2014) the new centers as metros have expanded, first ring suburbs and commercial corridors now have central locations, often meriting densification and urbanization of their underperforming asphalt. price premiums % for walkable urbanism and transit

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6 retrofitting challenge: Auto Dependency Multi-modal systems TODs & retrofits of Park-n-Rides Road diets Street Design Guidelines Street Networks Parking Districts Car Sharing

7 Before From dead mall to green downtown Belmar, Lakewood,CO Continuum Partners Elkus Manfredi Architects, Civitas Inc. Van Meter Williams Pollack Architects

8 From edge city sprawl to 430-acre BRT-extended TOD centered on boulevard White Flint, MD: White Flint Partnership, Montgomery County, Glatting Jackson, var designers -new high-rise downtown over 20 years, $6-7 bil tax revenue, 10k residents 25% affordable

9 From suburban commercial to 430-acre BRT-extended TOD centered on boulevard White Flint, N Bethesda, MD: White Flint Partnership, Montgomery County, var designers North Bethesda Market landscape architecture by Nelson Byrd Woltz -

10 From 5-lane arterial to 2-lane Main Street with multi-use parking Ramblas & solar Lancaster, CA: CT/KDF Community Development Partners, Moule & Polyzoides Since revitalization started in 2009: $106mil in New Markets Tax Credits for redevelopment for local entrepreneurs; 50 new businesses; 10% increase in downtown property values; 50% cut in traffic collisions Photoz; G. Komar

11 retrofitting challenge: Public Health Health is the new metric Design for Active Living & safety NYC s Active Living Design Guidelines Design for reduced exposure to toxins/emissions Access to healthy food and healthcare

12 From Big Lots to LEED gold recreation center and stormwater amenity Collinwood Recreation Center, Cleveland, OH: City of Cleveland, Paul Volpe Architects

13 Meds & Eds: From dying mall to revived mall and university medical center One Hundred Oaks, Nashville, TN: ATR & Assoc., Gresham Smith and Partners Architects Source unverified Vanderbilt Health saved 44% over new construction, planted over 500 oaks, and has seen increased doctor satisfaction, patient follow-up and healthy outcomes The neighborhood has seen considerable new investment and rising property values Devel r bought half-empty for $49M, invested $30-40M, sold in 6 yrs fully-leased for $ M

14 retrofitting challenge: Aging 2014 Pew poll: 58% of over 65- year olds want walkable urbanism NORCs and aging-in-place Integrating senior housing and centers into town centers and social networks Multigenerational housing and granny flats Road diets and bulb-outs to ease street crossing

15 From dead mall to mixed-use town center with sr housing, grocery, hotel: zero stormwater runoff and geothermal Promenade of Wayzata, Wayzata, MN: Wayzata City, Presbyterian Homes, LHB, DIIAP, InSite The wetland site was drained for construction of the Bay Center mall in the sixties. In addition to capturing all stormwater on site under pile-supported streets, the project paid $129k for wetland credits to the Wayzata Wetland Bank to further protect the lake.

16 retrofitting challenge: Social Capital Civic Engagement Share: Uber, Lyft, Airbnb Tactical urbanism Play Gathering Spaces Missing middle housing types Welcome diversity

17 From Wal-Mart to Public Library McAllen Public Library, McAllen TX; Boultinghouse Simpson Gates Architects, Meyer Scherer Rockcastle Architects Lara Swimmer

18 Updating the L strip mall as a third place with portals to the neighborhood Lake Grove Shopping Center, Lake Oswego, OR: Eric Shoemaker Beam Development From back to a new front to the neighborhood

19 kid and adult playgrounds in post-suburban public space, 1 mile from the Beltway Mosaic, Merrifield, VA: Edens, 5 architecture firms 1-acre public park, Angelika Movie Theater w/ Lucy -22 x38 LED screen helps program the park

20 From Buford Clairmont Mall to Oriental Garden to Plaza Fiesta Plaza Fiesta, Atlanta, GA: Jose Legaspi

21 retrofitting challenge: Water Water Quality: Daylight culverted creeks Reconstruct wetlands Clean and control runoff Too much water: Regreen flood plains Blue/Green infrastructure/lid Pervious surface Too little water: Capture for reuse Conserve/xeriscaping

22 Balancing Conservation & Rejuvenation with Development Acres for America: Walmart, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation

23 from parking lot to mixed-use TOD with condos, senior housing, daylit creek and wetlands Thornton Place, Northgate Mall, North Seattle, WA: LEED-ND pilot program Mithun Architects for Stellar Holdings & Lorig Associates source: Dunham-Jones, Williamson, 2011

24 retrofitting challenge: Energy District Heat & Energy Systems QUEST & Canadian community energy planning Waste Heat Capture Peak Load Shaving with renewables Energy retrofits of existing buildings

25 From Sears department store to data center Sears, East Chicago: Sears Holdings Ubiquity Critical Environments Sears Holdings new unit Ubiquity Critical Environments plans to market former Sears and Kmarts for use as data centers, business continuity/hazard recovery centers, and wireless towers. 2013

26 Retrofitting land use, transportation and energy on a commercial corridor Cambie Corridor, Vancouver, BC, Vancouver City Planning Department

27 retrofitting challenge: Affordability Connecting affordable housing to affordable transportation Liner Buildings & Missing Middle housing types Collaborative consumption and the shareable economy Inclusionary Zoning, Replacement Units Anticipatory retrofitting

28 From strip to job and town center Willingboro Town Center Willingboro, NJ Croxton Collaborative Architects Boscov s Furniture 2.Sears 3.Woolworths 4.Power plant Courtesty Croxton Collaborative Architects Photography MTC Aerial Mail-service pharmacy 2.Office building 3.Public library w/ retail 4.Community College 5.Town Commons 6.Townhouses 7.Planted swales

29 From 3-story regional mall to affordable TOD w/ anticipatory growth Englewood CityCenter, City of Englewood, Miller Weingarten Realty, Trammell Crow Residential, David Owen Tryba Architects, Calthorpe Associates Sources unverified tool: Anticapatory Retrofitting: Lay out parking lots as future building sites with utilities and street trees

30 retrofitting challenge: Jobs Innovation districts to attract and retain yr olds Anti-corporate office, maker space, & innovation districts Update outtadate office parks with mixed uses and housing

31 transit triggers infill of an office park University Town Center, Hyattsville, MD Prince George s Metro Center, Inc.; Parker Rodriguez, RTKL Associates, WDG Architecture

32 from taxi distributor to small mixed-use TOD w daycare and container pool TAXI, Riverfront North, Denver, CO: Zeppelin Development

33 retrofitting challenge: Layered solutions, Performance metrics Auto-dependence Affordability Public Health Social Capital Jobs Water Energy Waste

34 Metro Scale: Focus on infill and intown locations strategy: Considerations for retailers Corridor/Town Center Scale: Reduce auto-dependency by selecting sites that are walkable, bikable and transit-served nodes Parcel Scale: Design for the pedestrian and maximize walkable connectivity. Minimize parking. Reduce impervious surface and increase tree coverage. Building Scale: Re-use existing buildings Build new buildings to outlive you Attend the Congress for the New Urbanism. CNU 23 in Dallas, April 28- May 2