BSE Public CPD Lecture Adjunct Professor Talk A Gas Passport on 31 May 2010

Transcription

1 BSE Public CPD Lecture Adjunct Professor Talk A Gas Passport on 31 May 2010 Organized by the Department of Building Services Engineering, a public CPD lecture delivered by Professor James Yuk-Choi Kwan, JP on A Gas Passport was held on 31 May 2010 (Monday). Over 80 participants attend this CPD Lecture. Powerpoint file of the CPD lecture Professor James Yuk-Choi Kwan obtained his bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Hong Kong in He furthered his study at the Chinese University of Hong Kong and obtained the degree of Master of Business Administration in He also attended the Advance Management Program at the Business School of Harvard University in Professor Kwan has been appointed as Executive Director and Chief Operating Officer of Towngas Limited since He is well respected by the gas industry both locally and internationally. CPD Lecture by Professor Kwan

2 Energy Management and Climate Change are the important challenges which building services engineers have to face in the 21 st century for the delivery of a built and sustainable environment in order to meet the growing concern and expectation of the public. In the lecture, Professor Kwan discussed some of the industry best practices, latest development trends as well as the key actions to address these challenges and the role which building services engineering will play in the 21 st century. CPD public lecture by Professor Kwan

3 A GAS PASSPORT Ir. James Y C Kwan JP Executive Director & Chief Operating Officer The Hong Kong & China Gas Co. Ltd. 30 May 2010 Role of Building Service Engineers in 21 st Century

4 Projected changes in global temperature Global area and projection estimate to 2100 Global Warming Effect: Columbia Glacier Retreat

5 Global warming effects Past and projected annual mean temp. anomaly for HK Source: HK Observatory, based on IPCC AR4 annual projection data

6 Breakdown of HK s s CO 2 Emissions Waste <1% Ind. Processes 2% Other Gases 18% Energy 80% Other Sectors & Gases 20% Electricity Generation 51% Other Fuel Combustion 4% Manufacturing & Construction 6% Transport 19% Source: HKSAR Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, prepared by ERM Over 35% of CO 2 emissions contributes by buildings Electricity Generation 51% Waste <1% Ind. Processes 2% Buildings account for 89% of the electricity consumed in HK Other Gases 18% Energy 80%

7 How can building service engineer make a difference in the 21st century? Key Influences on Building Energy Consumption New Buildings Developers Potential Savings: 20-60% Design Policy Budget Resources Operators Potential Savings: 10-30% Energy Management Existing Buildings Occupants Potential Savings: 5-25% Energy Management Owners Potential Savings: 15-35% Updates Source from: Wen Hong, et al at Building Efficiency Asia Business Council,2007

8 HK Film Archive Conventional Cooling Vs Desiccant Approach Difference between conventional and desiccant cooling system in psychometric analysis Psychometric Chart Moisture Content (Dry Air) g/ kg Dry Bulb Temperature 0 C

9 Working principle & desiccant materials Lithium Chloride (Li) Silica Gel (HPS) Basic components of Desiccant Dehumidifier Molecular Sieve Schematic Diagram of Desiccant Dehumidifier System Cold Air AHU Dry Air Munters ML 1100G Munters ML 1100G Gas Desiccant Dehumidifier Gas Desiccant Dehumidifier Return Air Return Air HS TS Film Store 16 o C, 20-30%RH

10 DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFIER ROOM AT FILM STORE NEW GAS PIPE TEE- OFF FROM EXISTING DIA.150 GAS PIPE SCAFFOLDINGS PERMANENT VENTILATION LOUVRE EXHAUST AIR OUT GAS METER WET AIR DUCT ML1100 RETURN AIR FROM FILM STORE ROOM ML1100 DRY AIR DUCT NON-RETURN DAMPER VOLUME CONTROL DAMPER Film Store DRY AIR TO FILM STORE ROOM Psychometric Analysis Conventional Cooling vs Desiccant Cooling Assume : Ignore heat loss from building walls to outside Room conditions = 16 o C db, 20-30%RH Conventional Cooling Electrical Power rating of Conventional Cooling = 19kW / 3[COP] kW = 22.8 kw Desiccant Cooling Electrical Power rating of Desiccant Cooling = (3kW / 3[COP]) = 1 kw Gas Power rating of Desiccant unit = 11.1 kw x 2 nos. x 0.2 (functioning time) = 4.5 kw Desiccant Cooling Capacity = 0.61 x 1.2 x (26-22) = 3 kw Conventional Cooling Capacity = 0.61 x 1.2 x 1.02 (25-0) = 19 kw Reheat = 0.61 x 1.2 x1.02 (22-0) =16.5 kw (9.8g/kg; 14.5 o C db) 100% 80% 60% 40% g/kg 28 D/H DRY AIR o C C

11 Wide Commercial Applications HK & China Gas Co. Ltd.,

12 Use of condensing water from fan coil units Fan coil unit Condensing water tank Application of solar panels Solar panel Solar panel & green roof Waste management practices Waste separation bin Recycle bag One Peking

13 Green Technology: Low-E E glass Green Technology: Double-skin Facade Main Type Classification of double-skin facades Box window facade Corridor facade Shaft-box window facade Multi-storey facade Cavity Ventilation Natural Hybrid Mechanical Open System Not Open System Airflow Concepts Exhaust Air Supply Air Internal air curtain External air curtain Static air buffer

14 Green Technology: Automatic Solar Blind Blinds Photovoltaic's Cell Photovoltaic's Cell Blinds and its controller Photovoltaic's Cell Green Technology: Photovoltaic cell

15 Green Design: Sun shading & ceiling Potential of reducing whole life emissions during building lifecycle Cumulative Whole Life Carbon Emission Whole Life Emissions Potential to reduce emissions Building Lifecycle Source: Fieldson et al (2009)

16 GHG emissions of One Peking at construction stage Building Process Manufacture and transportation of building materials Energy consumption of construction equipment Energy consumption for processing resources % GHG Emission (Recycled materials) 90.0% 8.6% 0.1% Disposal of construction waster 1.3% HK BEAM & HKEERSB HK BEAM HKEERSB

17 Integrated Green Energy System From source of energy to end user Source of Energy End User Green at Source Air quality Improvement Towngas Green Journey Coal Fuel oil Naphtha Natural Gas + Naphtha

18 Natural gas mitigates global warming Burning natural gas produces Virtually no SO x or particulates Less NO x and CO 2 Tai Po Gas Plant Estimated Emission Reduction (Tonnes / yr) Estimated Reduction (%) CO 2 107,000 26% NO x 84 42% SO x % Renewable Energy Initiative Landfill gas

19 Green at Application Winner of Hong Kong Awards for Industries Consumer Product Design Award Customers Carbon Footprint 此爐具二氧化碳排放較非明火器具少, 每小時減幅可達 1.9 公斤 ( 相同淨熱輸出量計 ) Carbon Label 此爐具二氧化碳排放較非明火器 具少, 每小時減幅可達 2 公斤 ( 相同淨熱輸出量計 ) 35

20 Total Energy Efficiency Concept Towngas Plant WH Eff. : ~80% Towngas 100% Power Plant Energy loss : 10% 90% ~47% Cooker Eff : ~52% ~72% WH Eff : ~90% Electricity 100% Energy loss : 63% Transmission loss : 2.5% Cooker Eff : ~84% ~31% 34.5% ~29% Source: Power Company Annual Report (2007) HK PolyU Appliances Test Report (2008) QTS Appliances Test Report (2009) Lower CO 2 emission with gas appliances TOWNGAS ELECTRICITY Unit energy basis CO Cooking efficiency included CO WH efficiency included CO trees 17 trees

21 Maintenance Challenges 數據顯示, 樓齡超過 50 年的私人樓宇約 4,000 幢, 屋宇署對這些樓宇每年發出的修葺令為 20%

22 Common Maintenance Problems Concrete Spalling Electrical Fire Services Water Supply Services Gas Pipeline Air Condition Devices Regular Safety Inspection

23 Laser Methane Gas Detector Riser Inspection Robot Intensive riser inspection Gas detector and camera equipped No scaffolding needed Flexible inspection time

24 Classification of Riser Corrosion 建議客戶更換 1 級 - 良好立管 2 級 - 輕微 蝕 3 級 - 中度 蝕 建議客戶更換 建議客戶儘快更換 即時止漏及建議客戶儘快更換 4 級 - 嚴重 蝕 5 級 - 極嚴重 蝕 6 級 - 喉管漏氣 Mainland Opportunities

25 Rapid Development in China 19 province, total 111 projects 燃氣 ( 中華煤氣 ) 燃氣 ( 港華燃氣 ) 水務 LNG 接收站省內天然氣管城市中游項目氣源項目煤化工 / 煤礦項目易高加氣站項目電訊項目 四川 內蒙古 陝西 重慶 山西 河南 湖北 廣東 北京 河北 江西 吉林 遼寧 山東江蘇安徽 浙江 黑龍江 海南 ( 截至 2010 年 4 月 ) 中國共 35 個大中型城市施工房屋面積約為 129 億平方米, 而竣工房屋面積為 26.9 億平方米, 其中 78% 為住宅 國家統計局固定資產 2009 年投資統計司 兩大類人才是目前節能行業最迫切需要的 : 一為節能技術人才, 二是節能管理人才 上海節能資訊網總經理陳宏

26 Engineers in Society Engineer s Engineer s s Log Log Book Book The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers A Gas Passport to become Professional Engineer Recognized academic qualifications General Experience 2 to 5 years Responsible Experience 1 to 2 year Minimum 4 to 6 years Professional Assessment Member

27 WELCOME Q&A