Effect of hydrogen peroxide on broccoli seedlings (Brassica oleracea var. itálica)

Transcription

1 December 2016 Vol.3 No.5-13 Effect of hydrogen peroxide on broccoli seedlings (Brssic olerce vr. itálic) LEÓN-VARGAS, Julio, GUEVARA-ACEVEDO, Luis, CERVÁNTES-ORTÍZ, Frncisco, RODRÍGUEZ-MERCADO, Dniel, CISNEROS-LÓPEZ, Hugo nd ADRÍO-ENRÍQUEZ, Enrique. Received August 1, 2016; Accepted November 5, 2016 Resumen El estdo de Gunjuto es el principl productor de brócoli (Brssic olerce vr. Itlicized), este cultivo como un todo se produce bjo el sistem de plntción, uno de los problems que enfrentn los productores es l pérdid en el trsplnte debido ls plnts de estrés sufren l hcerlo. L plicción del peróxido de hidrógeno (PH) ument l resistenci de ls plnts l estrés biótico y biótico, por lo que el objetivo de est investigción es evlur el efecto de ls plicciones folires de PH en plántuls de brócoli, y que se plntó l vriedd Avenger dís después de l siembr se relizó l plicción de PH dosis de 0,6, 1,4 y 1, mm con dhesivo l 1% (Bionex ) en un diseño completmente l zr con 10 repeticiones y testigo de que sólo se plicó dhesivo, Unidd consistí en un plnt, l plicción se hizo cd dís durnte 3 semns. Ls vribles evluds fueron: longitud totl de l plántul, longitud del tllo, longitud de l ríz, diámetro del tllo, peso fresco, peso seco y bioms. Ls plicciones de peróxido de hidrógeno dosis de 1, mm cd ocho dís de brocoli, umentn l longitud del tllo y el peso fresco, mientrs que l dosis de 1,4 mm ument l bioms de ls plántuls Abstrct The stte of Gunjuto is the leding producer of broccoli (Brssic olerce vr. Itlicized), this crop s whole is produced under the plnttion system, one of the problems fcing producers is the loss in trnsplnttion due to stress plnts suffer when you do it. The ppliction of hydrogen peroxide (PH) increses the resistnce of plnts to biotic nd biotic stress, which is why the im of this reserch is to evlute the effect of folir pplictions of PH in seedlings of broccoli, for it ws plnted the Avenger vriety in trys, eight dys fter sowing the ppliction of PH t doses of 0.6, 1.4 nd 1. mm ws performed with 1% dherent (Bionex ) in completely rndomized design with 10 repetitions nd witness to tht I ws only pplied dhesive, the experimentl unit consisted of plnt, the ppliction ws mde every dys for 3 weeks. The vribles evluted were: totl length of seedling, stem length, root length, stem dimeter, fresh, dry nd biomss. Applictions of hydrogen peroxide t doses of 1. mm ech eight dys broccoli seedlings, increse stem length nd fresh, wheres the dose of 1.4 mm increse the biomss of seedlings Hydrogen peroxide, seedlings, plnt height, root length Peróxido de hidrógeno, plántuls, ltur de l plnt, longitud de l ríz Cittion: ORTÍZ, Frncisco, RODRÍGUEZ- MERCADO, Dniel, CISNEROS-LÓPEZ, broccoli seedlings (Brssic olerce vr. itálic). ECORFAN Journl-, 3-5:-13 Correspondence to Autor (E-mil: lpguevr@itroque.edu.mx,) Resercher contributing s first uthor. ECORFAN Journl-Ecudor

2 Introduction Mexico is mong the world's leding producers nd exporters of vegetbles, rnking fourth in the world (Finncier Rurl, 200). On the other hnd, Gunjuto is one of the min producers of broccoli with contribution of 60.16% (SAGARPA, 2010). Crucifere like broccoli, multiply by sexul seed; for the estblishment of open field crops, the preprtion of seedlings is required. Production begins in the seedbed, which cn be n re of lnd or continers (trys) properly dequte to deposit the seeds nd provide the optiml conditions of light, temperture, fertility nd humidity, to obtin the best emergency nd development in initil sttes until the trnsplnt to the field (Jrmillo 2006). The use of defense mechnisms in plnts, prticulrly the expression nd regultion of brod-spectrum resistnce ssocited with ISR (systemic resistnce induced) nd SAR (cquired systemic resistnce) phenomen, my serve s vible lterntive for the design of mngement strtegies Seedlings (Mejí, 2014). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is considered signl molecule nd regultor of the expression of some genes in cells. When it ccumultes in plnts, it ctivtes trnscription fctors tht regulte different physiologicl processes, inhibits plnt growth nd development, nd stimultes defense mechnisms to biotic nd biotic stress (Yu et l., 2002, Pnueli et l. 2003; Hung et l., 2005). December 2016 Vol.3 No.5-13 Due to the chrcteristics of this compound (highly rective, short hlf-life nd potent reductive oxidtion of cellulr components) there re few works where its exogenous ppliction in plnts is experienced. Previous experiments on different cultures reveled tht H2O2 sprys inhibited stem growth nd incresed strch nd lignin content (Foyer et l., 199; López-Delgdo et l., 199, 2005); in others the yield nd qulity of production incresed (Romero-Romero nd Lopez Delgdo, 2009). In the present work, the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) on gronomic vribles of broccoli plnts. Methodology The present investigtion ws crried out in the greenhouses Agro Vid, Cely; Gto; For the evlution of hydrogen peroxide in broccoli seedlings the hybrid Avenger (Skt ) ws used, the seeding ws performed mechniclly in trys of 33 cvities of.5 ml of cpcity of ech well, the trys were previously disinfected with formldehyde To 3%. As substrte ws used professionl Growing Mix (Sungro ) nd perlite with rtio of 2: 1 pproximtely, to cover the seed lredy emerged ws used vermiculite (Sunshine ). The trys were stowed, sewed nd sprinkled with Kisen (Metmidofos). Two dys fter the seimbr were uncovered nd covered with vermiculite to pss to the greenhouse nd plced in 32 trys per lne nd the first irrigtion ws performed. At dys fter germintion the tretments were pplied, using completely rndomized design with 10 replictes nd ech experimentl unit consisted of one plnt. A 1.0 L mnul spryer (Trupper ) ws used for the ppliction of the tretments, pplictions were mde once week for three weeks. Ech dose ws pplied 1 ml of dherent (Bionex ) per liter of wter, the control ws pplied only wter nd dherent.

3 No. Tretment Concentrtion Trt 1 Hydrogen 0.6 mm peroxide 2 Hydrogen 1.4 mm peroxide 3 Hydrogen 1. mm peroxide 4 Witness -- Tble 1 Concentrtion of hydrogen peroxide pplied to broccoli seedlings. The irrigtions were performed dily nd every third dy were fertilized with the formul The vribles evluted were performed 2 times per week nd 10 plnts per experimentl nd lbeled unit were chosen. Fresh Weight (g). The plnts were first removed from the trys nd wshed well from the root, weighed nd then plced in snitry npkin with their respective number. Mesurement of root nd stem. Once the plnt ws lredy wshed nd weighed, the length of the root (cm) ws mesur ed with rule of 30 cm (Bco ), it ws stretched in its entirety nd for mesuring the length of the stem (cm) ws considered from the bse of the stem to the first brnch 9 December 2016 Vol.3 No.5-13 dry nd biomss, vrince (ANOVA) nlysis ws performed with 10 tretments nd control to indicte differences between tretments With PH pplictions. When ANOVA indicted significnt differences between tretments, the Tukey's test (p 0.05) ws pplied for the seprtion of mens. For the sttisticl nlysis the SAS system progrm for Windows ver. 9.0 (2002). Results nd disscusion The effect of folir pplictions of hydrogen peroxide (PH) on the vribles of seedling height, stem length, root length nd stem dimeter of broccoli seedlings re shown in the middle squre in Tble 2, where The effect of the tretments ws significnt for the stem length vrible, for the vribles of plnt height, root length nd stem dimeter no effects were observed, these vlues coincide with those reported by Rmírez et l. (2006) did not observe effects of tretments with slicylic cid, bcisic cid nd chitosn in broccoli plnts in these sme vribles. Smpling significntly ffected ll evluted vribles, wheres; The interction of tretment by smpling ffected highly to stem length nd significntly to plnt height nd root length. Dimeter of stem (mm). A vernier (Truper ) ws used for this, the mesurement ws performed in the middle prt of the stem. Dry (g). After ll previous mesurements were tken, ech seedling ws plced in toilet towels nd plced in n oven t 2 C for 3 dys, fter which it ws weighed on n nlyticl blnce (Adm ). Biomss (g). It ws determined by difference between fresh nd dry. With the results of plnt height, stem length, root length, stem dimeter, fresh,

4 FV G L Plnt Heig ht CM 1 Root Length 2 Dimete r 3 Trt 4 (T) Muest 5 (M) M x T Repetició n Error 20 Totl R CV Current Medium, 2Length, 3Dimetro, 4 Tretment, 5 Smpling Tble 2 Averge squres for plnt height, stem height, root length nd stem dimeter of broccoli seedlings s result of the exogenous ppliction of hydrogen peroxide. The vlues of the coefficient of determintion rnged from 0.0 to 0.9, while the coefficient of vrition ws less thn 21% for root length nd.45% for stem dimeter. Tble 3 shows tht tretments with PH hd highly significnt effect on strwberry nd biomss of broccoli seedlings, not observing effect on dry, this vlue is in greement with Csierr-Posd et l. (2010) Who did not observe effect on the dry of broccoli seedlings with zinc pplictions in the soil. 10 December 2016 Vol.3 No.5-13 FV GL CV Peso Fresco Peso Seco Bioms Trt (T) Muest (M) M x T Repetición Error Totl 239 R CV Tble 3 Averge squres for fresh, dry nd biomss of broccoli seedlings due to the exogenous ppliction of hydrogen peroxide. Smples of the plnt height nd stem dimeter vribles of broccoli seedlings by folir pplictions of PH hd their highest level of significnce t week 3 (smpling 6) when reching the mximum vlues with 15.2 cm nd 1.41 mm respectively, while Tht for the stem length the mximum vlue ws observed in smpling 3 nd 4 with vlues of 2.01 nd 2.00 cm respectively. The mximum root length ws observed in Smples 2 nd 3 with vlues of.41 nd.04 cm respectively, is possibly to the dpttion process of the seedling. While for the vribles of fresh, dry nd biomss the effect ws highly significnt for smpling, the interction tretment by smpling ws highly significnt for ll vribles under study. The coefficient of determintion ws greter thn 0.9 for the vribles under study nd the coefficient of vrition observed ws 16.14, 15.9 nd for the vribles of fresh, dry nd biomss, respectively.

5 sm ple Plnt e 1. 3 d c c b Root Length d b b 6. 4 c. 1 d c c Dimete r Tble 4 Anlysis of vrince (ANOVA) for the effect of smpling in the vribles seedling height, stem length, root length nd stem dimeter of broccoli seedlings with exogenous pplictions of hydrogen peroxide. Tble 5 shows the effect of the smpling on fresh, dry nd biomss of broccoli seedlings spryed with PH, where it is observed tht for the fresh nd ccumulted biomss the mximum vlue ws 1.3 nd 1.25 g in The smpling 5 for ech of the vribles, while for dry smpling 5 nd 6 presented vlues of 0.13, which were the highest vlues. For the seedling height vrible, there were no sttisticlly significnt differences between the pplied concentrtions with n verge vlue of cm (Tble 6), these results differ from those reported by Quesd et l. (2005) who observed significnt differences in seedlings of Broccoli germinted in different substrtes nd with mximum growth vlue of the seedling of 5. cm. For root length no significnt differences were observed between tretments. d c b 11 December 2016 Vol.3 No.5-13 According to the Tukey's test (P 0.05), there ws significnt vrition for the vribles of stem length, being the tretment with the lowest concentrtion of 0.6 mm in which the lowest development of the stem with 1.2 cm ws observed nd sttisticlly behving Concentrtions of 1.4, 1. mm nd the control with vlues of 1.4, 1.3 nd 1.2 respectively, which were the highest vlues. Smple Fresh Dry Biomss e 0.02 e 0.15 e d 0.05 d 0.69 d d 0.0 c 0.5 d c 0.10 b 0.4 c b b Tble 5 Anlysis of vrince (ANOVA) for the effect of smpling in the vribles fresh, dry nd biomss of broccoli seedlings with exogenous pplictions of hydrogen peroxide. For the stem dimeter the tretments with PH exceeded the control with vlues greter thn 1.2 mm, these vlues re lower thn those reported by Quesd et l. (2005) who observed mximum vlues of 5.3 mm in germinted broccoli seedlings in different substrtes. No Tr t Concen t. PH (mm) Plnt Root Length Dime ter Testigo Tble 6 Anlysis of vrince (ANOVA) for the effect of folir pplictions of different concentrtions of hydrogen peroxide on the vribles seedling height, stem length, root length nd stem dimeter of broccoli seedlings.

6 Tble shows sttisticl differences (P 0.005) between the concentrtions of PH pplied folirly in broccoli seedlings in the fresh, dry nd biomss vribles. In the vrible of fresh of broccoli seedlings the highest vlue of 0.96 g with the concentrtion of 1.4 nm is observed, this vlue differs with tht reported by Cserr et l. (2010), which reported vlue of 12 g in the Witness of work done in broccoli with different concentrtions of Zn pplied to the soil. The concentrtion of 1.4 mm of PH pplied to broccoli seedlings ffected the dry nd biomss with the highest vlues of 0.09 nd 0. g respectively, with the sme vlues being sttisticlly equl to 0.6 nd 1. with the control. No Tr t Concen t. PH (mm) Testigo 0. 5 Fresh b b 0.0 b 0.0 Dry b Biomss b 0. b 0. 6 Tble Anlysis of vrince (ANOVA) for the effect of folir pplictions of different concentrtions of hydrogen peroxide on the vribles fresh, dry nd biomss of broccoli seedlings. References Csierr-Posd, F. Gonzlez A. L. Urlich C Crecimiento de plnts de brócoli (Brssic olerce L. vr. Itálic) fectds por exceso de zinc. Revist Colombin de Ciencis Hortícols 4(2): b 12 December 2016 Vol.3 No.5-13 Foyer CH, Lopez-Delgdo H, Dt t JF, ScottI Hydrogen peroxide nd glutthionessocited mechnisms of cclimtory stress tolernce nd sign l ing. Plnt Physiol. 100: Hung S, Yu C, Lin CH Hydrogen peroxide functions s stress signl in plnts. Bot. Bull. Acd. Sin. 46: 1-10 Jrmillo N. J. E., Díz D.C. A El cultivo de ls crucífers. Corporci+on Colombin de Investigción Agropecuri-CORPOICA. Mnul Tecnico 4. pp. 16 Lopez-Delgdo H, Dtt JF, Foyer HC, Scott I Induction of thermotolernce in potto microplnts by cetylslicylic nd H2O2. J. Exp. Bot. 49: Mejí, T., L. Aplicción de elicitores AS, Quitosn y H2O2 en Cpsicum nnuum y su Efecto de Respuest estrés Biótico. Tesis Doctorl en Ingenierí. Universidd Autónom de Querétro. pp. 1 Pnuel i L, Ling H, Rozenberg M, Mittler R Growth suppression, ltered stomtl responses, nd ugmented induction of het shock proteins in cytosolic scorbte peroxidse (Apx 1) deficient Arbidopsis plnts. Plnt J. 34: Quesd, R. G., Méndez, S. M. C Evlución de Sustrtos pr Almácigos de Hortlizs. Agronomí Mesomericn 16(2): Rmírez, H., Rncño, A.J. H., Benvides, M. A., Mendoz V. R.,; E. Pdrón, C. E Influenci de Promotores de Oxidción Controld en Hortlizs y su Relción con Antioxidntes. Revist Chpingo Serie Horticultur 12(2):

7 Romero-Romero MT, Lopez Delgdo HA Ameliortive Ef fects of Hydrogen Peroxide, Ascorbte nd Dehydroscorbte in Solnum tuberosum Infected by Phytoplsm. Am. J. Potto Res.6: December 2016 Vol.3 No.5-13 SAS Institute Inc Guide for personl computers. SAS Institute, Cry. N.C. Secretrí de Agricultur, Gnderí, Desrrollo Rurl, Pesc y Alimentción y Servicio de Informción Agrolimentri y Pesquer (SAGARPA) Tecnologí de producción de Brócoli. Yu CW, Mur phy TM, Lin CH Hydrogen peroxide induced chilling tolernce in mung bens medited through ABA-independent glutthione ccumultion. Funct. Plnt Biol. 30: Yu CW, Mur phy TM, Sung W, Lin CH (20 02) H2O2 tretment induces glutthione ccumultion nd chilling tolernce in mung ben. Funct. Plnt Biol. 29: