icone Calorimeter i-series (ISO 5660 ASTM E1354) THE BENCHMARK IN FIRE TESTING

Transcription

1 icoe Calorimeter (ISO 5660 ASTM E1354) i-series THE BENCHMARK IN FIRE TESTING

2 icoe Calorimeter the ew bechmark i calorimetry The icoe Calorimeter is the first i FTT s ew iteractive rage of calorimeters, the i series. It features the latest techology i cotrol ad automatio makig it the most advaced, reliable ad user friedly coe calorimeter i the world. The Coe Calorimeter is the most sigificat bech-scale istrumet i the field of fire testig because it measures importat real fire properties of the material beig tested uder a variety of pre-set coditios. These measuremets ca be used directly by researchers or they ca be used as data for iput ito correlatio or mathematical models used to predict fire developmet. Directly measured properties iclude: Rate of heat release Time to igitio Mass loss rates Smoke release rates Effective heat of combustio Rates of release of toxic gas (e.g. carbo oxides) Iteratioal stadards have bee published describig the equipmet ad several atioal stadardisatio bodies have ow published product stadards for use of the Coe Calorimeter i assessig performaces of fiished products. Furiture (ASTM E1474) Wall liig materials (ASTM E1740) Priso mattresses (ASTM F1550) Electric Cables (ASTM D6113) Railway rollig-stock applicatios (EN ) FTT S CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CALORIMETRY I the mid 1980s FTT directors worked with Dr. Vyteis Babrauskas (who iveted the Coe Calorimeter) ad other colleagues to help develop iteratioal test stadards based upo it. They also desiged Europea prototypes ad Stato Redcroft s commercial Coe Calorimeter. FTT has bee the world s leadig maufacturer of full scale calorimeters (e.g. Furiture Calorimeter ad the ISO 9705 Room Corer test) sce The itroductio of the FTT Coe Calorimeter i 1993 offered a ew geeratio commercial istrumet to the market at approximately half the price of the the curret commercial systems. This brought calorimetry ito the budgetary reach of most laboratories ad FTT subsequetly supplied the major sector of this market. FTT later lauched the ew Coe 2000 ad the Dual Coe Throughout this period FTT scietists ad egieers led several calorimetry research projects ad cotributed extesively to Iteratioal, Europea, ASTM ad British Stadardisatio groups. The FTT group have supplied more tha 300 Coe Calorimeters to customers i more tha 40 coutries. Our specialist calorimetry desig egieers esure our products itegrate ew developmets, our productio egieers are the world s most experieced coe calorimeter builders ad our team of specialist service egieers esure that FTT calorimeters are promptly maitaied o all five cotiets. Maritime applicatios (IMO) 2 icoe Calorimeter

3 icoe Calorimeter FROM DUAL CONE TO ICONE The ame Coe Calorimeter was derived from the shape of the trucated coical heater that Babrauskas used to irradiate the test specime (100mm 100mm) at fluxes up to 100 kw/m 2 i the bech-scale oxyge depletio calorimeter that he ad his co-workers developed at NIST. The FTT Coe Calorimeter has all the advatages of the covetioal sigle purpose Coe Calorimeter ad has bee produced to be the most easily maitaied uit i the marketplace. It fits ito the smallest labs ad is easy to operate usig the FTT userfriedly, meu drive software, which guides users through the calibratio, testig ad reportig protocols. The apparatus meets all existig Stadards (icludig ISO & 2, ASTM E1354, ASTM E1474, ASTM E1740, ASTM F1550, ASTM D5485, ASTM D6113, CAN ULC 135 ad BS 476 Part 15). Buildig o this expertise we provide customers with automated istrumets that utilise state-of-the-art techology ad we cotiuously strive to improve the efficiecy ad accuracy of the fire test process. The FTT icoe has bee developed as a idustry-leadig third geeratio of Coe Calorimeter. It features a iteractive ad ituitive iterface, sophisticated ad flexible cotrol optios, ad built-i data acquisitio techology for robust data collectio, aalysis ad reportig. FTT s icoe is the most advaced automatic Coe Calorimeter i the world formig part of our ew rage of idustry leadig fire testig istrumetatio (the i- series). It has bee desiged usig decades of FTT s experiece i calorimetry. It icorporates may ew features ot previously see by fire testig laboratories while beig compact, accurate, reliable ad easily maitaied. UNIQUE FEATURES OF FTT ICONE Remote coe assembly positioig cotrol, so that heater-specime surface separatio ca be adjusted pre ad mid test, to facilitate testig of itumescig or thermally distortig specimes Programmable heat flux exposure. Up to 10 cosecutive heat flux rampig or holdig ca be programmed Motorised heat shield to protect specime from heat exposure before test Automatic positioig ad cotrol of spark igiter to igite the combustio gases from the specime Retractable 4-sided heat resistat glass protective scree which provides a draft-free eviromet aroud the fire model with clear viewig from all sides Heat resistat glass protective scree maually or electroically cotrolled 7 colour touchscree test cotrol pael adjacet to specime supplemets pricipal computer cotrol Automatic calibratio by CoeCalc Software Load cell resolutio of 0.01g ad load capacity up to 8.2kg (Sartorius cell). Load cell mouted o a idepedet table to avoid ay vibratio from exhaust fa All roud access to specime platform for specime preparatio ad cleaig Easy to clea large, highly durable black graite workig surface Fire model protectio alarm system Olie support ad remote cotrol of istrumets from FTT for iteret coected system Optioal post-test specime fume cupboard (N2 purged) Optioal larger Coe fire model for testig specimes with very low heat release rates. 150mm 150mm specimes are exposed to uiform heat flux over etire surface icoe Calorimeter 3

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5 icoe Calorimeter, frot view A FULL SYSTEM CONSISTS OF: Coical Heater 5kW electrical heatig elemet woud i the form of a trucated coe, rated 5000 W at 230 V with a heat output up to 100 kw/m 2 Motorised height adjustmet ad cotrol via 7 touchscree durig test for materials that itumesce Facility for testig horizotally or vertically orietated specimes Temperature Cotroller Software cotrols the temperature of the coical heater to give the desired heat flux via 3 type-k thermocouples ad a 3-term (PID) temperature cotroller A temperature profile durig the test, cosistig of up to 10 steps (e.g. 10kW/m 2 up to 100kW/m 2 ), ca be set usig the CoeCalc software Coe temperatures relatig to heat fluxes are established before the test usig the Heat Flux Calibratio routie i the CoeCalc software Motorised Heat Shield Automatic/Maual cotrol of a split shutter mechaism via 7 touchscree or CoeCalc software to protect specime from heat exposure before test Esures the iitial mass measuremet is stable ad the operator has additioal time for system checks before startig the test. This added time is very importat for easily-igitable samples, which ofte igite prematurely if a shutter mechaism is ot used Specime Holders Made of stailess steel For specimes 100mm 100mm up to 50mm thick, i the horizotal ad vertical orietatio Load Cell Mass measuremets are take usig a strai gauge load cell with a sesitivity better tha 0.01g Mouted o a idepedet table to avoid ay vibratio from exhaust fa Spark Igitio 10 kv spark geerator fitted with a safety cut-out device Automatic positioig ad cotrol of spark igiter via 7 touchscree or CoeCalc software to igite the combustio gases from the specime Glass Protective Scree Made of heat resistat glass Maual ad automatic cotrol via 7 touchscree or CoeCalc software Provides a large draft-free eviromet aroud the fire model Whe i the lower positio, the screes are retracted below the large workig graite surface which allows urestricted access to the fire model Scree assembly rises from below the workig surface to eclose the specime area o all four sides Heater ad load cell icoe Calorimeter 5

6 icoe Calorimeter Exhaust System Maufactured from stailess steel for log life Comprisig large hood (to esure all combustio gases collected), gas samplig rig probe, exhaust fa (with adjustable flow cotrols from 0-50 g/s, at a resolutio of at least 0.1 g/s) ad a orifice plate flow measuremet (thermocouple ad differetial pressure trasducer) Normal operatio is at a omial 24 l/s (rage 0-50 l/s) Gas Samplig Comprisig soot filters, pump, moisture (CO 2 removal traps if ot measured) ad mass flow cotroller (MFC). The MFC allows maximum cotrol of flow to the aalyser durig calibratio ad test reducig errors ad drift Oxyge Aalysis Paramagetic oxyge aalyser with a rage of 0-25% O 2 ad a performace compliat with the stadards Developed specifically for FTT calorimeter this aalyser features low drift, low oise ad fast respose Smoke Obscuratio Measured with a laser system, usig Silico photodiodes, ad a 0.5 mw Helium-Neo laser, with mai ad referece (compesatig) photo detectors Supplied with aligmet cradle ad 0.3, 0.8 eutral desity filters for calibratio Egieer operatig the icoe o the 7 touchscree cotrol pael 6 icoe Calorimeter

7 Heat Flux Meter For settig the irradiace level at the surface of the specimes The heat flux is automatically set usig the CoeCalc software, heat flux meter ad temperature cotroller Calibratio Burer For calibratig the rate of heat release measured by the apparatus usig methae of 99.5% purity. Mass flow of methae is cotrolled via CoeCalc software ad a mass flow cotroller for optimisig accuracy of the system calibratio 7 Colour Touchscree ad PLC Cotrol System Simple to use HMI user iterface ad set-up meus for operatig the Coe Calorimeter ad providig cotrol ad display of all mai system parameters, e.g. Frequecy of Exhaust Blower Spark igiter positioig (i-out) ad cotrol (o-off) Fire Model Heat Shield cotrol Fire Model Glass Protectio Scree cotrol Height adjustmet of Heater Water flow idicator for Heat Flux Meter Fire Model Protectio Alarm System Data Acquisitio Agilet Data Acquisitio / Switch Uit featurig a 3-slot cardcage with up to 6½ digit (22 bit) iteral DMM eablig up to 120 sigle-eded or 48 doubleeded measuremets. Sca rates up to 250 chaels/s are available with a USB ad Etheret iterface as stadard. All readigs ca be automatically time stamped ad ca be stored i a o-volatile 50,000- readig memory CoeCalc Software User-friedly Widows based CoeCalc user iterface with push-butto actios ad data etry fields ad capable of: Istrumet cotrol ad showig status of the istrumet Fully automatic calibratio of gas aalysis istrumetatio ad storage of calibratio results Fully automatic C-factor calibratio with the use of mass flow cotroller C-factor calibratio via pool fire (ethaol) routie Collectig data geerated durig a test Calculatig the required parameters Averagig of multiple tests Presetig the results i a maer i accordace with ISO & 2, ASTM E1354 ad EN Exportig calculated data to CSV (comma separated variable) files for quick trasfer to spreadsheets Test Parameters Heat flux (kw/m 2 ) Flow rate i exhaust duct (l/s) C-factor (m 1/2 kg 1/2 K 1/2 ) Igitio time ad extictio time (s) Heat release rate (kw/m 2 ) Smoke productio rate (m 2 /s) Mass loss, Mass loss rate (g, g/s) Effective heat of combustio (MJ/kg) Specific extictio area (m 2 /kg) CO 2 yield (kg/kg) CO yield (kg/kg) Total heat release (MJ/m 2 ) MARHE (kw/m 2 ) [Maximum average rate of heat evolved] Total oxyge cosumptio (g) icoe Calorimeter 7

8 icoe Calorimeter OPTIONS Itegrated 17 Touchscree ad 1u keyboard with touchpad ad drawer Itegrated Computer system Itegrated Carbo Dioxide ad Carbo Mooxide NDIR gas aalysers Itegrated Fume Cupboard ca hold up to two sample holders Polished duct Sartorius Load Cell (icreased rage) Soot Mass Samplig Large Coe Fire Model for testig samples 150mm 150mm ad gives uiform heat flux over etire sample surface. Cotrolled Atmosphere Attachmet for testig specimes i low oxyge atmospheres (0-21%) that may be foud i well developed fires, or for studyig the effects of gaseous suppressats or other dyamic cotrolled-atmosphere eviromets. The coe assembly is located o top of the eclosure with exhaust gas exitig through the coe oly. The cabiet replaces the covetioal coe assembly but uses the same cotrollers as the ormal coe. There is a door o the frot of the assembly with a viewig widow. Chagig betwee the stadard fire model ad this uit is very simple ad takes approximately te miutes. The Coe Calorimeter is fitted with a gas mixig attachmet to mix air ad itroge which ca be supplied at flows betwee l/mi to the chamber. The gas supply lies are fitted with flow meters ad flowstat flow cotrollers ad a mixig chamber. These are exteral to the eclosure chamber ad housed i a mobile cotrol uit. FTIR The FTT FTIR is a advaced gas aalyser used for cotiuous measuremet of combustio gases i cojuctio with FTT s Coe Calorimeter, Smoke Desity Chamber or SBI. The aalysis of gases i fire effluets is very complex ad challegig due to the great umber of differet orgaic ad iorgaic chemicals which these atmospheres ca cotai. FTT s FTIR is fully cofigurable to meet the requiremets of several iteratioal stadards icludig ISO 19702, ISO 9705 ad EN It is capable for idividual aalysis of airbore cocetratios of CO, CO 2, NO, NO 2, SO 2, HCI, HF, Pheol, Acrolei, water vapour, etc. The FTT FTIR is a modular costructio comprisig of FTIR gas aalyser, heated samplig uit ad a touch scree PC which are mouted i a 19 rack. Coe Corrosimeter. Built i accordace with ASTM D5485 ad used for assessig the corrosive potetial of combustio products. Fumebox for two specimes 17 Touchscree PC 8 icoe Calorimeter

9 FLEXIBILITY WITH FTT CALORIMETERS All moder heat release measuremets use oxyge depletio calorimetry. The aalysis ad istrumetatio used for quatitative oxyge, carbo mooxide ad carbo dioxide measuremets i both large ad small calorimetry have similar specificatios. Thus a sigle set of istrumetatio ca be used for may tests. FTT s icoe houses the commo gas aalysis istrumetatio, higher capacity pumps ad gas hadlig filtratio required for Large Scale Calorimeters [e.g. ISO 9705, Furiture Calorimeters, Cable Propagatio Rigs (EN 50399), SBI Apparatus (EN 13823)] i a separate rack from the mai Coe Calorimeter housig. The istrumetatio ca the coveietly be used both for icoe ad Large Scale Calorimeters. UNRIVALLED EXPERIENCE IN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING FTT s site i South East Eglad, home of the largest group of fire scietists ad istrumetatio desig egieers workig o fire calorimetry, is at the heart of our desig ad maufacturig. With over 1000 square metres of factory at our disposal, we ca easily meet the maufacturig requiremet of our sales projectios for may years to come. With over 20 years experiece, FTT maufactures ad provides quality fire test istrumets for fire test ad research professioals worldwide, through our extesive distributor sales ad support etwork. Wherever you are i the world, FTT will have a presece. Whe used with the Coe Calorimeter, the aalysis rack is elegatly located with the icoe uit. Whe required for the Large Scale Calorimeter this gas aalysis rack is quickly de-coupled from the icoe mai frame ad trasferred, o the factory-fitted castors, to the ew locatio for equally quick coectio to power ad samplig lies of the larger calorimeter. FTT calorimeters are desiged to have iterchageable modules that give our cliets maximum operatioal or upgrade flexibility. The aalysis systems of the icoe ca be trasported to large calorimeters withi miutes. Almost all ducted rigs like the IEC ca be readily coverted to large calorimeters by use of the rack from the icoe ad a istrumeted duct isert which FTT provide. The latter houses all ecessary gas samplig, temperature ad duct flow rate probes. Gas aalysis system icoe Calorimeter 9

10 Techical specificatios Trucated Coical Heater ad Fire Model Specime Holder, Weighig Device & Specime Hadlig Exhaust Gas System with Flow Measurig Istrumetatio Calibratio Burer Elemet 5kW electrical heatig elemet Heater Heat flux up to 100kW/m 2 Motorised height adjustmet ad cotrol via 7 touchscree durig test for materials that itumesce Heat flux ca be gradually icreased durig test i 10 predetermied steps ad automatically cotrolled via software, e.g. te 10kW/m 2 icreases up to 100kW/ 2. Heat shield Motorised Automatic/Maual cotrol via 7 touchscree or software to protect specime from heat exposure before test Spark igiter Automatic positioig ad cotrol via 7 touchscree or software to igite the combustio gases from the specime Spark gap of 3.0mm located 13mm above the cetre of the specime Heat resistat glass protective scree Maual ad automatic cotrol via 7 touchscree or software Provides a draft free eviromet aroud the fire model Whe i the lower positio, the screes are retracted below the large workig graite surface ad allows urestricted access to the fire model Scree assembly rises from below the workig surface to eclose the specime area o all four sides Large coe fire model (optioal) For testig samples 150mm 150mm Uiform heat flux over etire surface Specime holder A square pa with a opeig of 106mm 106mm at the top, ad a depth of 25mm, costructed from stailess steel Retaier edge frame A stailess steel frame with iside dimesio 111mm 111mm, ad opeig of 94mm 94mm Sample size 100mm 100mm Sample thickess Up to 50mm Load cell Resolutio of 0.01g Mouted o a idepedet table to avoid ay vibratio from exhaust fa Load capacity Up to 8.2kg (Sartorius Load Cell) Up to 5.0kg (Stadard Load Cell) Fume cupboard (optioal) Purged with N2 to remove residual combustio products Hold up to two sample holders after test Black graite workig surface Easy to clea, durable Additioal workig space compared with traditioal Coe Calorimeters Duct diameter 114mm Nomial exhaust flow rate 24 l/s Orifice plate Iteral diameter 57mm located i chimey to measure duct flow Samplig rig 685mm from the hood, cotais 12 small holes with a diameter of 2.2mm Gas samplig apparatus Icorporates a pump, soot filter, moisture ad CO2 removal traps, mass flow cotroller (for precise cotol of flow to aalyser ad reducig drift) cotrolled via software Hood Large hood to esure collectio of all combustio products Polished stailess steel optio available Soot mass samplig (optioal) Operated by mass flow cotroller automatically from software Costructio A tube with a 500mm 2 square orifice covered with wire gauze Cotrol Methae flow cotrolled at required heat release usig a mass flow cotroller Istrumetatio for Oxyge ad Gas Aalysis 19 Gas aalysis rack Detachable to be used with other large scale calorimeters, e.g. SBI, Room corer test, etc. Oxyge aalyser Paramagetic type with a rage of 0 25% Oxyge. t10 t90 respose time less tha 12s. Drift typically less tha 20ppm i 30 miutes Low oise. OEM by Servomex for FTT Carbo dioxide (optioal) No dispersive ifrared type with a rage of 0 10%. Fast respose. OEM by Servomex for FTT Carbo mooxide (optioal) No dispersive ifrared with a rage of 0 1%. Fast respose. OEM by Servomex for FTT Smoke Desity Measuremet Light source 0.5mW Helium Neo laser beam Detector Silicoe photodiode 10 icoe Calorimeter

11 Data Logger Test Parameters FTIR Toxicity Test Apparatus (optioal) Service Requiremets Resolutio Up to 22 bits Recordig time Up to 250 chaels per secod Storage Raw data recorded for each test is stored ad ca be retrieved 7 Colour Touch Scree ad PLC Cotrol System Simple to use HMI user iterface ad set up meus for operatig the Coe Calorimeter ad providig cotrol ad display of all mai system parameters, e.g. Frequecy of Exhaust Blower Spark igiter positioig ad cotrol Fire Model Shield cotrol Fire Model Glass Scree cotrol Height adjustmet of Heater Water o/off cotrol for Heat Flux Meter Fire Model Protectio Alarm System 17 Touch Scree PC (iside Gas Aalysis Rack) User friedly Widows based CoeCalc user iterface with push butto actios ad data etry fields ad capable of: Istrumet cotrol ad showig status of the istrumet Fully automatic calibratio of gas aalysis istrumetatio ad storage of calibratio results A temperature profile durig the test, cosistig of up to 10 steps, ca be set i order to automatically set the heat flux oto the specime Fully automatic C factor calibratio with the use of mass flow cotroller C factor calibratio via pool fire (ethaol) routie Collectig data geerated durig a test Calculatig the required parameters Presetig the results i a maer i accordace by ASTM E1354, ISO & 2 ad EN Heat flux (kw/m 2 ) Flow rate i exhaust duct (l/s) C factor (m 1/2 kg 1/2 K 1/2 ) Igitio time ad extictio time (s) Heat release rate (kw/m 2 ) Smoke productio rate (m 2 /s) Mass loss, Mass loss rate (g, g/s) Effective heat of combustio (MJ/kg) Specific extictio area (m 2 /kg) CO2 yield (kg/kg) CO yield (kg/kg) Total heat release (MJ/m 2 ) MARHE (kw/m 2 ) [Maximum average rate of heat evolved] Total oxyge cosumptio (g) Vitiated Atmosphere System (optioal) For testig reduced oxyge atmospheres 0% to 21% Measurig Priciple FTIR (Fourier Trasform Ifrared) Performace Ulimited simultaeous aalysis of multiple gases Pre loaded aalysis for 22 gas species User friedly ad comprehesive software package to ehace gas aalysis Detachable 19 rack system which ca be discoected ad used with other fire test applicatios Zero Poit Calibratio 24 hours, calibratio with Nitroge (5.0 or higher N2 recommeded) Zero Poit Drift < 2% of measurig rage per zero poit calibratio iterval Sesitivity Drift Noe Liearity Deviatio < 2% of measurig rage Temperature Drifts < 2% of measurig rage per 10 K temperature chage Pressure Ifluece Pressure measured ad compesated for i gas cell Gas Species: H2O C2H6 N2O NO2 HCN HCl CH4 Acetaldehyde C3H8 CH2O CO Acrolei COF2 NH3 NO CO2 C2H4 HF SO2 HBr C6H14 Pheol Electric: 230VAC, 30A, 50/60 Hz. Sigle Phase for icoe 230VAC, 30A, 50/60 Hz. Sigle Phase for aalysis rack Water: 250 kpa (35 psi) Exhaust Extractio: l/s Stadard Gases: Oxyge free Nitroge, Methae (UHP 99.5%) Optioal: CO 0.85%, CO2 8.5%, balace itroge Due to the cotiuous developmet policy of FTT techical chages could be made without prior otice. icoe Calorimeter 11

12 Uit 19, Charlwoods Road East Gristead West Sussex RH19 2HL Tel: +44 (0) Fax: +44 (0) web: Editio Prit Ver Fire Testig Techology Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Prited i UK Jue 14, 2013