Visual alarm devices Application Guide

Transcription

1 Visua aarm devices Appication Guide

2 01 European standard EN54-23 Where to use Visua Aarm Devices (VADs) Over recent ears, the instaation of Visua Aarm Devices (VADs) has experienced considerabe groth since their mandator introduction from 1st Januar This is in response to both the Equaities Act 2010 (UK on) and historica data hich cear demonstrates the effectiveness and reiabiit of VADs. VADs are required to be used, in specific circumstances,in conjunction ith other aarm devices to provide an effective means of aerting and evacuating occupants of a buiding. It is essentia that the use of VADs forms part of the overa fire safet strateg. This strateg is based on an agreed buiding evacuation pan hich, in turn, is a product of the buidings fire risk assessment. Initia, before commencing an sstem design, it s advisabe to carr out a Fire Risk Assessment of the area to determine if VADs are required. If there is no requirement then, in addition to EN54-3 compiant sounders, Visua Indicating Devices (VIDs) oud be a suppementar requirement to raise an event aareness. Athough EN54-23 has no definitive guidance ith regards to ho a risk assessment is carried out, the outcome of such an assesment ma impact possibe aarm soutions. For a more in-depth understanding of fire risk assessment pease revie the training section at.fia.uk.com. Loca buiding Reguations Part M, BS5839-1, Loss Prevention Code of Practice - CoP0001, BS9999 and BS8300 recommend that VADs shoud be instaed in paces here audibe devices aone oud be ineffective, or here the are simp undesirabe. Appications here VADs oud be instaed: Index Page 01 - Where to use VADs Page 02 - Definitions Page 03 - What is EN54-23? Page 05 - Design Considerations Page 05 - Ambient Light Page 07 - Fied of vie Page 07 - Refective Surfaces Page 08 - Zetter VADs Page 08 - Ceiing Mounted Page 10 - Wa Mounted Page 14 - Using VADs in spaces ith obstaces Page 16 - Poer Suppies and Wiring - As a Visua arning for persons ith impaired hearing (deaf or hard of hearing). - Areas or paces here peope are ike to be on their on. - Where hearing protection is being orn or areas here ambient noise exceeds 85dba - (factories, production, orkshops, machine rooms etc.). Pease note: In industria and manufacturing areas it is essentia to ensure that the visua Fire Aarms are cear distinguishabe from an other visua signas used for machine or process aarms. - Bedrooms/seeping areas in accommodation such as hotes, student accommodation, HMOs. Pease note: These devices are not intended to ake seeping peope. In these circumstances more effective methods shoud be considered, such as vibrating devices. - Broadcasting studios of Teevision, Radio and recording. - Nursing Homes. - Hospitas (operating theatres) for hich guidance is given in HTM Part B. - Toiet faciities, incuding a tpes and not imited to accessibe/assisted areas. - Fire Aarm sstems using Gaseous Extinguishing sstems indication of first stage aarm (see BS ). - To avoid unnecessar disruption from fase aarms. - Cinemas and Theatres Buiding here phased fire evacuation strateg is empoed such as shopping mas, high rise or arge buidings, hospitas. - Pubic assemb buidings and entertainment compexes. Here staff on arning sstems coud utiise VADs as an initia aarm prior to a fu evacuate signa. Appication Guide

3 02 03 Definitions Coverage Voumes: Wa categor For the purposes of this document e have used the terms and definitions given in EN54-23 and BS aong ith the Roa Nationa Institute for Deaf peope (RNID) and the Roa Association for Deaf peope (RAD) are as foos: Hard of hearing person A person ho can on hear above 25dBA but can hear sounds ess than 80Dba. Deaf person A person ho cannot hear sounds ess than 80 Dba. Combined VAD A VAD combined ith another fire detection device and fire aarm sstem. For exampe, Combined VAD and aarm sounder, or VAD and smoke detector. Photosensitive epieps Recurrent convusions precipitated b visua stimui, particuar fickering ight seizures are most ike to be triggered b frequencies beteen 3 Hz and 30 Hz, athough this varies from person to person it is unike that seizures x Coverage voume code: W (x) - () W = a mounted x = maximum mounting height = ength and idth in meters of the cubic voume covered (to a minimum eve of 0.4 ux) hen the device is mounted to the a at a height of x Ambient ight eve The ambient ight eve tpica present in an area of a buiding, hich is ike to var over the course of a da, is taken into consideration hen designing a VAD instaation. What is EN54-23?: The European Committee for Standardization, CEN reeased EN54-23, a ne mandator standard from 1st Januar Prior to its reease, no EN standard existed for visua aarm devices. Therefore, misinterpretation and confusion over a product s performance as a common concern in the industr. Outputs can be stated in man different units of measurement, i.e Joues, Candea or Watts. EN54-23 provides carit, standardizes the requirements, test methods and performance criteria of VADs and ensures ight output is no measured in a uniform manner throughout Europe. Main requirements from EN54-23 are: The coverage voume (i.e. voume ithin hich required iumination is achieved) must be stated on the product or in supporting documentation. VAD sha meet the requirement for coverage voume of at east one of the fooing categories: W (Wa), C (Ceiing), O (Open Cass). Required iumination of 0.4 ux on a surface perpendicuar to the direction of the ight emitted from the VAD. The rate of fash shoud be stated beteen 0.5Hz and 2Hz. Coverage Voumes: Ceiing categor /1.414 x Coverage voume code: C (x) - () C = ceiing mounted x = maximum mounting height = ength and idth in meters of the cubic voume covered (to a minimum eve of 0.4 ux) hen the device is mounted to the a at a height of x The devices are cassified as Tpe A for indoor purposes, and Tpe B, for outdoor appications. Access to the device sha be restricted b the use of specia scres or toos. It shoud not be possibe to change the manufacturer s settings ithout use of the same scres/toos, or b breaking a sea. Adjustments ma be carried out either at the device or via the contro and indicator equipment. Open cass categor The coverage voume and its shape are specified b the manufacturer and incude mounting position and orientation aongside an restriction on the mounting height. Appication Guide

4 04 05 Design considerations Ambient Light Leve When designing a fire detection and aarm sstem, and here VADs are required, the fooing shoud be considered: - Ambient ight eve. - Fied of vie. - Refective surfaces. - Use of tinted ee protection. - The environment - indoor Tpe A devices IP21C, outdoor Tpe B devices IP33C. - Appications here there is continuous surveiance of a VAD in a specific direction ma not require idespread coverage. For, exampe, A seated auditorium or a broadcast studio ma on require imited coverage. - Where possibe, ocate the VADs for direct vieing for a occupants in an area. - If this is not possibe, consider the minimum iumination on adjacent refected surfaces If reing on indirect iumination, the refecting surfaces shoud be ithin the coverage area of the VAD. The ambient ight eve in the vicinit of a VAD i affect its visibiit and, therefore its abiit to provide effective arning. In designing the instaation, consideration shoud be given to the variation of the ambient ight eve during the periods hen the VADs are intended to be effective in giving a arning of fire. The extent of artificia ighting in combination ith an natura ighting i affect the ambient ight eve. This eve can aso be infuenced b externa natura ight conditions such as bright sunshine, daight, overcast sk, tiight and moonight, and ma be reduced b measures such as binds or curtains on indos. Information on the recommended iumination in orkpaces and tpica ambient ight eves is given in Tabe 1 beo. Hoever, this is for guidance on and it is important that ambient ight eves are measured correct for each appication. Aas consider the highest possibe ambient ight eve hich ma exist for each specific appication. In genera, the coverage voume of VADs ma be increased in o ambient ight eves but ma need to be decreased for bright it spaces or in spaces that can be fooded b strong daight, such as rooms ith south-facing indos. - Where a coverage area is arger than that of a singe VAD, an appropriate number of extra VADs shoud be instaed. - Dependence on direct ine of sight shoud not be reied upon if the VAD is used here deaf or hard-ofhearing peope ma be aone for proonged periods. This particuar appies to hote bedrooms and bathrooms. It aso reates to peope earing ear defenders, or here the ma be orking aone or focusing on a specific activit. - In the case of staires, the iumination from a VAD shoud satisf the recommendations across the area of each anding. Compiance ma not be necessar throughout the entire staira. Appication Guide

5 06 07 Design Considerations Exampe Rooms not in permanent use Short term use Pubic areas Categor Genera areas that are not in permanent use or that do not demand a high visibiit for the task Recommended Iumination (ux) Lo Medium High Ambient ight eve (ux) < to to 300 Ceiing mount direct vie Ceiing mount indirect vie Wa mount direct vie Wa mount direct vie to * 400 to to Genera ighting for indoor ork Genera ighting for indoor ork Lo Medium High 600 to to Tabe 2. Coverage distance mutipication factors for VADs. Demanding visua task undertaken for extended time (e.g. atch making) Fine detaied assemb (e.g. microeectronics) Specia demanding tasks (e.g.surger) Task ighting for high demanding ork Note: These recommendations are derived from visibiit tests. The are appicabe for mid-aged persons, medium refectance in the visua environment and for norma priorit tasks. Tabe 1. Recommended iumination in various ambient environments Tabe Lo Medium High Tabe 2. Gives mutipication factors (based on CoP 0001 cause ) that can be appied to the coverage distance for devices approved to EN 54-23, as decared b the manufacturers. These mutipication factors shoud on be used after carefu consideration of the appication, incuding prevaent ambient ight eve and the need to re on indirect rather than direct iumination. Tabe 2 covers ambient ight up to 800ux. For ambient ight eves above 800ux it is recommended that either the manufacturer of the VAD or a ighting speciaist is consuted in the design of the appication. >2000 For exampe, a VAD ith the EN rating of is to be used in a ocation here it i be mounted on the a. Here, the maximum ambient ight eve is 350 ux, and the vieing method is considered to be indirect. Tabe 1 gives a factor of 1.2 for these conditions. The coverage of the VAD, being a square of 7.5m side, is mutipied b the factor 1.2 to give a revised coverage of 9m. The height rating of 2.4m ma aso be mutipied b 1.2 giving a revised coverage of 2.88m. The VAD ma therefore be used in this ocation as its rating is W Fied of vie Consideration shoud be given to the presence of an obstructions, such as partitions or furniture that coud affect the actua VAD coverage. At an position ithin a space here a VAD is required, an individua shoud be abe to vie its ight direct or refected from adjacent surfaces. Refective surfaces Some surfaces ma refect or absorb ight, so it is important to assess and understand the instaed surface materias as different tpes i react different to the emitted ight. The refection of ight ma be specuar hen the entire incident ight is refected in one direction from a shining surface, e.g. gass mirror, poished meta or goss paint, or it ma diffuse hen the ight is refected in man directions from an uneven or granuar surface. The refective characteristic of most materias is such that the i exhibit both specuar and diffuse refections. Refective surfaces can increase the effective fied of vision of the occupants in the protected area b providing mutipe paths for the ight to attract their attention. In assessing this, care shoud take into account on permanent refective structures and the degree of specuar refection that i be given b the surfaces invoved. Appication Guide

6 08 FireCass VADS Exampes of Ceiing VAD siting 09 Ceiing mounted 1 A d Ceiing mounted VADs are suitabe for broad coverage in reguar shaped rooms. The can be used as an aternative to a mounted devices and are more practica to insta in arge open areas as the can be combined ith detection devices. Hoever, the are more ike to be affected b higher ambient ight eves. Singe ceiing-mounted VAD in a corridor This singe circe shos the use of ceiing mounted VADs in corridors. A singe ceiing-mounted VAD is used to cover the ength of the corridor. To ceiing-mounted VADs in an obong room The doube circes sho to ceiing-mounted VADs ith a specified coverage range of C-3-d here d = ((0.5 x ) ) i be suitabe. Tabe 3. beo shos the technica detais about the FireCass addressabe ceiing VAD bases. Part Number Mode Name FC440AVB FC441AVB Description Addressabe Base Sounder VAD LEDs Standard Poer Addressabe Base Sounder VAD LEDs High Coverage Voume C-3-8 C-3-15 Fash Rating 0.5 / 1 Hz 0.5 / 1 Hz Bod Coour Cear Cear Fash Coour IP Rating IP21C IP21C In this case, for an area ith a ceiing height of up to 3m, a VAD ith a specified coverage range of C-3-d here d = ( ) i be suitabe. The required minimum iumination i be achieved for the area contained ithin the space defined b the circe A ith a diameter d. 1 A A A points in the room ith a x area i achieve the minimum required iumination as the are contained ithin the space defined b circes A ith a diameter d. Where the ength does not contain an exact number of idths, a number of circes ith greater overapping ma need to be used in cacuating coverage. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. Tabe 4. and 5 sho voume coverage for FireCass ceiing-mounted VADs ith direct and indirect vieing and ambient ight correction. d 2 d2 d1 1 Uncorrected VAD rating C-3-8 C-3-15 Uncorrected VAD rating C-3-8 C-3-15 <100 C C <100 C C Ambient ight eve (ux) Mutipication factors corrected figures for direct vieing 100 to 200 C C to 200 C C to 300 C C to 300 C-3-8 C to 400 C C to 400 C C to 500 C C to 500 C C to 600 C C Tab. 4 voume coverage for FireCass ceiing-mounted VADs ith direct vieing and ambient ight correction. 500 to 600 C C to 700 C C Ambient ight eve (ux) Mutipication factors corrected figures for direct vieing 600 to 700 C C to 800 C C to 800 C C Severa ceiing-mounted VADs in a corridor The doube circes sho to ceiing-mounted VADs ith a specified coverage range of C-3-d here d = ((0.5 x ) ) i be suitabe. This means that a points in the space contained in the corridor ith a x area i achieve the minimum required iumination as the are contained ithin the space defined b circes A ith a diameter d. Where the ength does not contain an exact number of idths, a number of circes ith greater overapping ma be needed to cacuate coverage. d2 Severa ceiing-mounted VADs in an L-shaped room The diagram above hich shos an L-shaped room that can be covered b severa ceiing VADs mounted centra to each virtua space and having adequate coverage distance simiar to impementing a singe ceiing VAD here the diameter of the coverage area is d1 or d2. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. Tab. 5 voume coverage for FireCass ceiing-mounted VADs ith indirect vieing and ambient ight correction. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. Superior Technoog

7 10 11 FireCass VADS Exampes of Wa VAD siting Wa mounted 1 1 /4 Wa mounted VADs are ike to be effective in a ide range of appications. The are suitabe for higher ambient ight eves and the preferred choice for genera appications. Singe a-mounted VAD in a corridor /2 Doube a-mounted VADs in a corridor side a /2 Tabe 6. beo shos the technica detais about the FireCass addressabe Wa mounted VADs. The above diagram shos ho a corridor (I mutipied b ) ma be covered b one a-mounted VAD centra sited on one a at a height of h. The above shos ho a corridor (I mutipied b ) ma be covered b to a-mounted VADs sited on a side a at a height of h. The fooing appies: Part Number Mode Name FC440AVW Description Addressabe Wa Sounder VAD Coverage Voume Fash Rating 0.5 / 1 Hz Bod Coour Fash Coour IP Rating IP21C The fooing appies: - Where the ength of the corridor is greater than the idth, a VAD ith a specified coverage range of W-h- here = i be suitabe. - To VADs ith a specified coverage range of W-h- here = /2 i be suitabe. - Each VAD shoud be mounted at distance /4 from each end FC440AVR Addressabe Wa Sounder VAD Red Poer 0.5 / 1 Hz Red IP21C - Where the ength of the corridor is smaer than the idth, a VAD ith a specified coverage range of W-h- here = i be suitabe. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate FC445AVR Addressabe Wa Sounder VAD IP Red 0.5 / 1 Hz Red IP65 1 /4 Tab. 6 FireCass Wa mounted VADs. Tabe 7 and 8 sho voume coverage for FireCass a mounted VADs ith direct and indirect vieing and ambient ight correction. /2 Uncorrected VAD rating <100 W Ambient ight eve (ux) Mutipication factors corrected figures for direct vieing 100 to to to to to to 700 W W W W W to 800 W /2 Doube a-mounted VADs in a corridor end to end /2 /2 /2 Doube a-mounted VADs in a corridor opposing as Tab. 7 voume coverage for FireCass a mounted VADs ith direct vieing and ambient ight correction. Uncorrected VAD rating <100 W Ambient ight eve (ux) Mutipication factors corrected figures for direct vieing 100 to 200 W to 300 W to 400 W to to 600 W Tab. 8 voume coverage for FireCass a mounted VADs ith indirect vieing and ambient ight correction. 600 to 700 W to 800 W This diagram shos ho a corridor (I mutipied b ) ma be covered b to a-mounted VADs centra sited on opposite ends at a height of h. The fooing appies: To VADs ith a specified coverage range of W-h- here = /2 i be suitabe. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. This exampe shos ho VADs can be mounted on opposing as to provide better direct iumination for occupants exiting rooms (e.g. hote bedrooms) from either side of the corridor. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. Superior Technoog

8 12 13 Exampes of Wa VAD siting 3 3 /2 /4 /4 / d 2d 1 /2 /2 To a-mounted VADs in an obong room Singe a VAD coverage in an L-shaped space Tripe-a VAD coverage in an L-shaped space Exampe of combining Wa and Ceiing VADs The above room dimensions (I mutipied b ) here the idth is ess than haf the ength ma be covered b to a-mounted VADs sited at the height of h. The fooing appies: - To VADs ith a specified coverage range of W-h- here = /2 mounted on opposite as i be suitabe. - To VADs ith a specified coverage range of W-h- here = /2 mounted at the ¼ distance of the ongest a and on opposite side i be suitabe. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. The diagram shos ho a-mounted VADs can be used to cover an L-shaped room of ength, minimum idth 1 and maximum idth 2. The diagram shos a singe a-mounted VAD ith a coverage distance of W-h- ere h is the maximum height at hich the device is mounted and is the idth in metres of the cuboid hich contain the L-shaped space. A points in the L-shaped room i achieve the minimum required iumination of 0.4 ux as the are contained ithin the space defined b the maximum coverage distance of the VAD, i.e.. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. This L shape diagram shos ho three a-mounted VADs ith smaer coverage distances can be used to cover the same L-shaped room b subdividing the room into a number of square areas. In this exampe, assuming that 1 is greater than /2 and 3 is greater than 3, three VADs ma be used as foos: - 2 x W-h-1 (the arger area). - 1 x W-h-3 (the smaer area). Our diagram aso demonstrates ho, b pacing VADs on opposite as, a occupants of the room can be in direct vie of at east one of the VADs. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. In this exampe there are eight a mounted VADs and four ceiing mounted VADs. This shos ho a mix of ceiing-mounted and a-mounted VADs can be used to cover a arge room. The a-mounted VADs have a coverage distance of W-h1-/4 and the ceiing-mounted VADs have a coverage distance of C- h2-d here: h1 = the height of the VAD on the a, /4 = the ength of a square division of the room, h2 = the height of the ceiing, d = the diameter of the coverage circe of the ceiingmounted VADs, cacuated as, d = ((/4) 2 + (/4) 2 )), assuming that /4 > /3. Using a 0.5Hz fash rate reduces the current consumption. When instaing more than one device in the same area a devices shoud be set to the same fash rate. Superior Technoog

9 14 15 Using vads in spaces ith obstaces Consideration shoud be given at the design stage to obstaces that affect the arning given b VADs b creating bind spots ith itte or no direct or indirect iumination. These spaces can require a change to the number and position of VADs. In rooms ith obstaces hich affect the iumination from VADs, one or both of the fooing shoud be appied: - Sufficient numbers of VADs are instaed so that an persons ithin the space beteen obstaces have a direct vie of at east one VAD. - The VADs instaed provide sufficient iumination of the obstace surfaces to ensure adequate arning to occupants ho do not have direct vie of at east one VAD. In rooms here suspended items such as supp pipes and ducts (e.g. ventiation ducts) mask VADs from occupants, one or both of the fooing shoud be appied: - Sufficient numbers of VADs are instaed so that occupied areas of the room are adequate iuminated, and/or - The VADs instaed provide adequate iumination of surfaces that are adjacent to occupants of the room here those occupants do not have a direct vie of at east one VAD. Appication Guide

10 16 17 Poer suppies and iring Poer suppies shoud conform to EN54-4 and shoud be compiant ith the recommendation of the oca instaation standards and code of practices. Both the norma and standb supp shoud be independent capabe of supping the maximum aarm oad imposed b the sstem and the high peak-poer requirements of an VADs connected to a sstem shoud have no detrimenta effect on the mandator functions of the fire detection and aarm sstem. Since VADs form part of the primar means for giving arning of fire, in particuar circumstances it is essentia that circuits on hich the are connected operate correct at the time of a fire. Therefore, cabes ith an inherent abiit to resist fame & heat need to be used and compiance ith BS 5839:1 sub-cause 26.2 is mandator. FireCass provides FireCass Designer softare that aos the designer of the fire detection and aarm sstem to cacuate the oad, poer requirements of individua oops in standb and aarm modes based on the devices connected and parameters such as oop ength, resistance, devices tpes etc. This too sha be used to vaidate the design of an FireCass fire detection and aarm sstem, incuding those here VADs are used.equipment. Discaimer The information provided in this brochure is provided for informationa purposes on. The materias are genera in nature; the are not offered as advice on a particuar matter and shoud not be reied on as such. The materias contained in this brochure are the coprighted propert of Johnson Contros uness a separate copright notice is paced on the materia. FireCass is marks and/or registered marks. Unauthorized use is strict prohibited. Graphics or images dispaed are for visua purposes on and actua products ma var. Appication Guide

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