EASIER IRONINO FOR YOU By MAMIE WHISNANT Extension Speciaist in Home Management TABLE OF CONTENTS».. Ironing Equipment and Toos... Ironing boards... P

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2 EASIER IRONINO FOR YOU By MAMIE WHISNANT Extension Speciaist in Home Management TABLE OF CONTENTS».. Ironing Equipment and Toos... Ironing boards... Pads and covers... Hand Irons... Eectric ironers... Seeve board Cordminder... Laundry cart with basket... Sprinkers... Pastic bag or piece of pastic... Pressing coths... Pressing pads and mitts... Work surface.7... Comfortabe chair or stoo... Rackorhook... Hangers... Sponge and cothes brush... The Ironing Center... Location... Arrangement of equipment and toos... Attitudes and Habits... Other Aids to Easier Ironing... Washday methods to save ironing... Fabrics that need no ironing... Ironing Methods... Sprinking shirts and shirt-type bouses... Sprinking ruffed curtains... Sprinking women s housedresses, girs dresses and housecoats. Ironing shirts, shirt-type bouses and paiama tops... mvouiui#hkhwwwwwwwwmmmnnnn I -f Ironing women s house dresses... I2 Ironing chidren s dresses... '... I5 Ironing rufied organdie curtains Gratefu acknowedgment is made to the Louisiana Agricutura Extension Service for the pictures on sprinking and ironing shirts. «August 1952 Ext. Cir. No. 372 Pubished By THE NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE North Caroina State Coege of Agricuture and Engineering of the Univer sity of North Caroina and the U. S. Department of Agricuture, Cooperating. State Coege Station, Raeigh, N. C., D. S. Weaver, Director. in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30,

3 , [.4.L 1 V v4, ~t Vii.. E J r I / A», {32-3 M V 4 I] 1}. p J («a i I) J.) 1 r r 3, 5. a!) V. " 9 r u!.v PM 1 } Ayfi; f * iia I d. f 1%) A i v >5 * 1 Ironing IRONING BOARDS Good ironing equipment is important. You need first of a a good ironing board we padded and covered. If you need a new board, you shoud find out about severa new kinds that are gaining in popuarity. The board for sitting or standing is designed simiar to od type boards except it has more knee space. It can be adjusted to any height for standing or sitting. The sit down ironing board is designed for easy ironing whie sitting in an ordinary straight chair. Regardess of the type ironing board you have or pan to buy, you can do much of your ironing easier and faster on a wide 20-inch board. It is paced on your reguar board. Such a board is not on the market, but it is easy to make at home. Use % inch pywood. Cut the board 20 inches wide and the same ength as the board on which it wi be used, or 50 inches. Four pieces of seven or eight inch quarter-round moding screwed on the underside of the wide board wi keep the board firmy in pace whie ironing. To determine the ocation of the moding pieces, turn the foded ironing board, top down, onto the underside of the Wide board and mark the paces for the pieces: two near straight end of board and two on tapered end. Aow for the thickness of the pad and cover. PADS AND COVERS A good pad on the board is important. One can be made from a tabe sience coth or severa ayers of an od banket. It shoud be free from seams or ridges and thick enough to have some give. A good cover can be made from a good grade of unbeached musin or firm, cosey woven sacks if sacks are arge enough without piecing. There shoud be no seams in pad or cover. Ironing over seam ridges makes shiny streaks on the fabric and a nice job of ironing is amost impossibe. Covers shoud be easy to remove for washing. A strong draw string in a hem is generay more satisfactory than eastic. HAND IRONS A 1,000 watt hand iron with heat contro is a wise choice for genera ironing. A medium weight iron (3 to 4 bs.) is ess tiring than a heavy iron. On the market are irons that may be used as either a dry or steam iron, or reguar irons with separate steam attachments. ELECTRIC IRONERS Eectric ironers are of two types rotary and fat pate. If you have an ironer and have earned how to use it correcty, you aready have discovered the easiest way to iron. It does take practice (foowing ' manufacturer s directions) to earn how to use one for quick easy ironing. Equiprhent and Toos a Board for Sitting or Standing Sit Down Ironing Board Wide Ironing Board

4 A Seeve Board Laundry Cart With Basket Other Equipment A SLEEVE BOARD One is exceent not ony for seeves where you don t want creases, but aso for yokes in chidren s garments, bouses, etc. The one shown here has both sides usabe and fods fat for easy storage. CORDMINDER A cordminder is a vauabe convenience when ironing. It keeps the iron cord off the work, prevents mussing and wrinking of ironed surfaces, means ess reironing or touching up, and it engthens the ife of the cord. There are severa types of cordminders on the market and they vary in price. One of the newer types has its own extension cord and convenience outet into which the iron pugs. One is shown in the pictures on page 1. LAUNDRY CART WITH BASKET You shoud have a sturdy aundry cart with a aundry basket. It is exceent for hoding damp cothes at a convenient height near the ironing board and for many other step and energy saving uses in the work room and aundry center. SPRINKLERS Proper sprinking means smoother, easier ironing. A new kind of sprinker on the market is a pastic botte with a spray top. It is ight and easy to use just squeeze the botte and out comes a fine, even spray. If this new type sprinker can t be found, the od type sprinker top in a cork stopper fitted into a soft drink botte is very satisfactory if the hoes in sprinker top are sma so as to make a fine, even spray. PLASTIC BAG OR PIECE OF PLASTIC A pastic bag with a zipper opening is exceent for hoding sprinked cothes unti they are uniformy damp and ready to iron. It prevents drying out. Dampened cothes wrapped in towes ose moisture, especiay outer edges next to towe. A piece of pastic may be used in pace of the pastic bag. It is much better than an absorbent towe but not quite as satisfactory as a pastic bag. These bags are avaiabe in different sizes and prices in most department stores. PRESSING CLOTHS Pressing coths are needed: a medium or ight weight cotton coth for pressing sik, rayon, or other fabrics; a piece of ight weight woo fanne to use between the pressing coth and wooen fabric being pressed. This heps to prevent a hard, shiny finish on woo, and the woo is ess apt to water spot. A good size for pressing coths is 12 by 24 inches, or 14 by 28 inches.. PRESSING PADS AND MITTS Pads and mitts are of great vaue in pressing darts, curved seams, shouders and gathers.

5 WORK SURFACE A tabe or work surface is needed for sorting cothes, removing stains, and sprinking cothes. It is aso time- and work--saving to pace a tabe near your ironing board for hoding fat work as it is ironed and foded. This might be a utiity cart on whees or a tabe on casters. COMFORTABLE CHAIR OR STOOL A kitchen chair or stoo with good back support is needed for comfortabe sitting to iron. RACK OR HOOK A rack with extending rods, paced within reach of ironing board is convenient whie ironing garments to be hung as they are ironed. If your space wi not aow such an arrangement, you can pace a garment hook on the back of the nearest door. HANGERS Keep dress hangers ready for garments that need to be put on hangers as they are ironed. SPONGE AND CLOTHES BRUSH A sponge is handy for redampening cothes when ironing or pressing. A cothes brush is amost a necessity, especiay for brushing wooens before pressing. Gdrmen rs on Garment Hook The Ironing Center LOCATION The pace for your ironing center wi depend on space avaiabe. Generay, the idea pace is in a utiity or work room. Wherever you have your ironing center, it shoud: through the house. and artificia Be away from paths of trave Have good ight dayight 3. Have good ventiation. 4 Have proper eectric ocated. outets convenienty 5. sma equipment, toos Incude 'storage space for and suppies. 6. Be coo in summer and warm in winter. ARRANGEMENT OF EQUiPMENT AND TOOLS Arrangement of your ironing center wi vary with the space avaiabe, the ocation of the convenience outet for pugging in the iron, and ight for good seeing. First, pace your ironing board where you think it wi work best. Then add a sturdy, comfortabe, straight chair. Next, pace the dampened cothes near one end of the ironing board (eft hand end is preferabe in most instances) up high enough to prevent bending for them. They may be paced in a aundry cart or on a sma tabe the same height as the ironing board. You wi find it convenient aso to have a sma tabe near the other end (opposite damp cothes) of your ironing board for hoding foded garments as you finish ironing each one. This saves time and Modern Ironing Center troube in getting up and down so much. Here are three good rues to hep you in making a fina decision in regard to your ironing center: 1. Have everything you need (if possibe) for your ironing center. 2. Arrange it within arm 5 reach of where you arei sitting when ironing. Then you won t have to get up or do a ot of unnecessary stooping and. stretching. 3. Try out this possibe arrangement unti you find what seems to be the most convenient and satisfactory arrangement. This may take a month or two of practice of the severa different possibe types of arrangements. It wi take time and thought but you wi find it many times worth the effort. If it is not possibe for you to have a of these desirabe features (uness you buid or remode), therei may be room for improvement if you wi study your own ironing situation.

6 Attitudes Ironing methods and habits vary with individuas and wi aso have a great dea to do with the probem of making the tota job of ironing easier. We need to have open minds and a wiingness to try new methods and try ong enough to give the new method a fair tria. It takes time and practice to earn a new ski regardess of what it is. If our minds are set against something before we try it enough to judge whether it is good or bad. chances are we wi make and Habits no effort to earn new improved methods or skis. Let s be wiing to study, practice, practice and practice unti we do find easier ways, not ony in ironing, but aso in doing other housekeeping jobs. So, et s make up our minds that we can earn to sit and iron, and the batte is more than haf won aready. Studies have proved that our od methods of ironing, especiay standing, makes it the most tiring of a housekeeping jobs. No wonder we disike it! Other Aids to WASHDAY METHODS TO SAVE IRONING Extra care in wringing, and hanging cothes on the ine wi mean fewer wrinkes to iron out ater. Avoid wringing cothes too tighty. This causes deep wrinkes that are difficut to iron out and it takes more time. When using a wringer, put cothes through as straight as possibe, foding engthwise the pieces that are wider than the wringer. Prevent deep wrinkes or creases in heavy artices by oosening tension on roers. Before hanging each garment or artice on the cothes ine, shake it enough to remove as many wrinkes as possibe. These procedures are argey a matter of practice and habit that pay off at ironing time. Hang a garments by their strongest points: Shirts and pajama tops: Hang with tai severa inches over ine. Pin at side seams and at center front to hod shirt front cosed and to hod it straight. Jackets and bouses: Dry on hangers. Some jackets may be hung by the hem but generay they have fewer wrinkes if hung on hangers to dry. Dresses: Dry on rust proof hangers, or hang by shouders at side seams with a cothes pin. Hanging Cothes on Line Easier. Ironing Skirts and pants: Hang by the waist band or use skirt or pants hangers. Pants dried on pants stretchers need itte or no ironing. Towes and piowcases: Hang about 1/3 over ine. Hang piowcases with hem or open end down. Pin at both sides. Sheets: Fod end hems together with right side out. Pace hem edges about five inches over the ine. Pin at each end and in the center to hod sheets straight. Straighten sevage edges with fingers. Handerkerchiefs and napkins: Hang three or four napkins together about three inches over the ine. Hang, by corners, groups of handkerchiefs six or eight in each group. In removing from cothes ine fod fat pieces (sheets, bedspreads, tabe cothes, etc.) as they are removed from the ine and pace them fat on the bottom of the aundry cart basket. This wi prevent many wrinkes that won t have to be ironed out ater. FABRICS THAT NEED NO IRONING Easier ironing actuay begins with the buying of cothing and househod fabrics. Much ironing can be eiminated by the seection and use of cothing and househod fabrics that need itte or no ironing. Cotton seersucker is an exampe with which we probaby are most famiiar. Fabrics of 100 per cent nyon need itte or no ironing depending on quaity, weight and workmanship. The same is true of the newer synthetic fabrics such as oron and dacron. The amount of ironing time and energy saved generay woud justify paying more for these fabrics if their costs were higher by comparison. Some may even cost ess than fabrics that must be ironed. ' Young mothers, especiay, can save themseves much starching and ironing by using more jersey or knitwear, particuary for chidren s garments (Tshirts, underwear, seeping garments, etc.). Knitwear has improved in quaity and durabiity recenty. Turkish towes absorb water better and quicker when they are not ironed. W s. aa *W j,i» V S.... F's-5.- %

7 Ironing Sprinking and foding are important parts of the new ironing method which can not be foowed correcty uness the sprinking and foding have been done correcty. See pictures on pages 5-7. SPRINKLING AND FOLDING Amount of moisture is important aso. If cothes are propery sprinked, ony one or two strokes of the iron wi be needed to get a smooth dry finish. Too itte dampness makes it impossibe to remove dry wrinkes; too much moisture takes too ong to iron a garment dry. Use warm water for sprinking. It goes into fabric quicker and more eveny. Ro sprinked artices in oose, easy fods. Careess, tight roing adds many extra wrinkes that Methods make for more and difficut ironing ater. Moisture spreads more eveny if artices are oosey foded. Pace sprinked artices in a pastic bag or ro them in a piece of pastic fabric. Let sprinked cothes stand severa hours or over night before ironing them. This aows moisture to spread eveny throughout fabric. Be carefu in hot, humid weather. Midew may deveop if damp cothes are eft too ong at room temperature. If it is necessary to keep them onger than two or three hours, pay safe and put them in the refrigerator. Cod, damp cothes actuay iron smoother and nicer, especiay starched pieces. Do not depend on a steam iron to take the pace of sprinking starched cothes. It makes ironing sower. Sprinking Shirts and Shirt-tape Bouses 1. Smooth out, front side up coar eft. prinke front and seeve. Fod right seeve toward center then back with the cuff extended. 2 Sprinke coar. Fod coar and yoke over front. Sprinke back of coar. If the coar is stiffy starched, it needs more dampness. 3. Sprinke and fod in the eft seeve the same as the right seeve, except in opposite direction, and on top of the coar. «f,2 is 4. Fod the haf of the shirt nearest t you over the other haf, foding away from you. Then you sprinke this haf of the foded shirt.

8 is? I. 5. Pick up the tai end and fod in haf to your eft. 6. Now ro the foded shirt into three oose fods, Aow the tai to extend two inches over the other foding from the right to the eft and sprinking the end. Sprinke. shirt as you fod. 7. Sprinking and foding are now finished and the 8. Sprinked shirt has been paced in pastic bag foded shirt is ready to go into the pastic bag. with other sprinked shirts, ready for ironing. Y.v 4 Sprinking Ruffed Curtains 1. Fod engthwise in haf. Sprinke. If very sheer, 2. Fod engthwise, then ro oosey with ruffes sprinke three or four at once. foded in so they wi keep damp.

9 Sprinking Women s Housedresses (Aso girs dresses and housecoats) 1. Smooth out fat.with, the front side up. sprinke the front and coar. Then 2. Turn the seeves in toward the center and sprinke the back of the seeves. \. 3. Turn coar down over dress front and sprinke back of coar and yoke. 4. Sprinke whie foding toward center, one side then the other.,., 5. Pick Up eft end and fod in haf toward hem. ' Then sprinke. ' 6. Continue to fod oosey toward hemine, sprinking as you go.

10 r Ironing Shirts Shirt-Tupe Bouses and Pajama Tops LL k r 1 A. y hr 1 J 2- r 4 1. Pace the shirt on wide board, eft center, tai 2. Pu out the eft seeve. ron the packet next to toward you, cuffs to eft. Then grasp the tai in the you, then the inside cuff. Next iron the packet at right hand and unro over the far side. the other end of the cuff. \b J5 \ F 7,7 1 P x sk'l, ), A..L '! 71 W\- I- ) I \ " a. 3. With the eft hand, turn the cuff over and iron 4. Iron back of seeve, starting on the underside the outside of the cuff. Then turn the cuff back into seam side. Iron toward the shouder, then (iron in the origina position. eft hand) iron back toward cuff sf, w 1r. 4 1 'r ~ )f' A ri s J 9. )r:s w 5. Move the shirt to the right. Pu out the coar 6. Move the shirt further to the right and pu out the directy in front. Iron the back of the coar and the right seeve. Iron the cuff first (same as the other cuff), band. Stretch firmy as you iron. using the eft hand.

11 .ccw 7. Iron the, packets (as you did on the other cut), turn cuff with the right hand and iron the right side. Then turn the cuff back. V '., a. '. 8. Iron the back of the eft seeve, first ironing the haf beginning at the underarm seam. Then iron the other haf that is nearest to you. X fux. in. M 9. Cross the arms and grasp the coar points or the shouder seams at the seeves. Then turn shirt over as you uncross the arms the Z turn. 10. Right seeve top is now in position for ironing. The cuff is aready ironed. Iron this side of the seeve the same as the other (No. 4). 11. Smooth out the coar, and iron the coar and the band. Stretch firmy as you iron to insure a smooth finish with no wrinkes in the shirt. s,~.» 12. Move the shirt toward you and smooth out the yoke (and back underneath) into ironing position as shown here. Then iron the yoke.

12 ~._ -dr 13. Move the shirt to the right and smooth the eft 14. Grasp shouder seams and turn the shirt to the seeve into proper position. Iron this side as you did position shown in the picture. Iron eft haf of the the other side of the shirt. (See No. 8). inside back, beginning at underarm seam. 15. Bring the eft front into pace, and turn the 16. Iron the entire eft front of shirt. When you are buttonhoe band back. Then iron the underside. Avoid ironing the buttonhoe band, hod the band tight to ironing a crease aong the fod. insure a smooth finish on the shirt..k, 17. Move the ironed haf away from you unti the 18. Bring the right front into pace, turn back the right haf is in the ironing position. Then iron right button band and iron ighty over the buttons, hodhaf of the inside back as shown. ing the band tight with your eft hand. 10

13 7' 19. Turn the button band back into pace and iron the right front. This competes the ironing process and the shirt is now ready to fod. 20. Crease the coar down with the thumb and fingers, because ironing weakens the fabric. Then button the coar and the 3rd and 6th buttons. 21. Turn the shirt over, front side down, and fod the eft side in and the seeve down. 22. Fod the right side in and fod the seeve down the same as you did the eft seeve. 23. Next fod up the ower third of the shirt Then fod the shirt again toward the coar. H

14 25. Here you see the foding of the shirt finished. 26. The shirt is now ready for wearing or storing. Ironing Women s House Dresses 1. Pace the dress with the skirt over the far side of the board. Then smooth out the right seeve. 2. Turn the seeve over, away from you, and iron the back side of the right seeve of the dress. 1 x s 3. Turn the seeve back and iron the front side of the right seeve Smooth out the coar and iron the top whie you are stretching.

15 6. Grasp the shouder and make a Z turn. Smooth out the eft seeve and iron back of it. 8. Turn the seeve over and iron front side of it. J, 9. Bring the coar into ironing position and iron the back of the coar. 10. Turn the dress and iron the eft yoke. Turn and iron right yoke. again 13

16 \. Turn and pace dress as shown. Iron eft front waist we into the yoke and shouder gathers. 2. Shift iron to eft hand. Iron into waist gathers, Turn back button band and iron, then right side. 13. Iron the eft haf of the inside back the same as you did the eft front. Hande aready ironed front carefuy to prevent mussing it. 14. Arrange the right side. Then turn back the bottonhoe band, iron, repace and iron the right front and inside back same as eft side. House dresses that are open down the front are somewhat easier to iron than those that are not open. Ironing procedure is practicay the same except the skirt opens out fat. Procedure wi vary some with cut and construction of a dress. Study these new methods of ironing and see how they appy to any garment with as itte turning and handing" as possibe, with a minimum of touching up after ironing is finished. 15. Side? the dress over the end of the ironing board and iron the skirt, a the time turning the skirt away from you as you are ironing. 14

17 Ironing Chidren s Dresses 1. Reach the eft hand through the neck to the seeve cuff and bring the cut? up to shouder seam, forming a doube ruffe or puff seeve. 2. Iron a around the top haf of the right seeve, going we into shouder funess. Turn over and iron the underside of the right seeve. sections before turning.. Z turn dress. Left seeve is in position to iron. Iron eft coar. 5. With dress over end of board, iron from hem to 6. waist. Stretch to prevent puckers. Start ironing the skirt and bodice at center back. Turn back button band and iron. 15

18 7. Iron the skirt and bodice as you go. By ironing 8. Take dress off the board, pace ties together, iron this way you wi finish the dresswith ony one turn- both in one stroke. Turn, iron the other side. Hang ing around the board. the finished dress. Ironing Ruffed Organdie Curtains (Or ruffed curtains that can t be put on stretchers) V 1' Hr [if «4,._ Iron the ruffes first. Keep the body of the curtain 2. Iron body, moving ironed section away from you foded in when possibe. Thin fabrics dry out fast, into oose fods on cean paper on the foor. Pace especiay in hot, dry weather. on bed or tabe unti hung. Don t fod. 16

19 m 7. r 1.2. Lg ""'t {1' (A 5/ 1. I 1 4 / \: y <1 5 L, r EJI r «w «r! Home Work After Demonstrations for Home Demonstration women, 4-H Cub girs, and others attending Extension Service ironing demonstrations r, A 1»,5)», L at u a f 7", E» ' r A.. ' st \ Ma r '4,L k.2 'n, it bf 1. Check ironing center and make ist of improvements you need. 2. Put in as many of these improvements as possibe this year. 3. Get any additiona equipment and suppies that are needed to make your ironing easier. 4. Be sure to have (make or buy) good pads and covers for your ironing boards. 5. Make every efi ort to earn to sit and iron! (If you haven t aready.) 6. Practice new methods of sprinking and ironing unti it comes natura or unti you can do it without having to stop and think about it.

20 ..-..-p. V. ~ ' ' ' When You Can Sit Down 7?, 9 Save yoursef at east 1: the energy it takes to stand up and iron. TeSts have proved that a number of homemakers can save as much as 35 per cent energy by sitting down to iron. You aso save time in your ironing. So why stand up to iron when this new sitting-down method that has been deve-. oped through scientific research studies can make hand ironing so much easier for you.

21 9 ' 1+ r 14 V [47, t' 7hr. /' \v\ ' 15. { ; " f 4 i r (C x ; 4 },J. *2; 18. 7i hq 1 q'. 4' 4', '4. a IJ,r -. r, > Z \/ Mother and Daughter Team Up On Woshdoy Good aundering techniques and good grooming go hand-in-hand. The way your cothes are washed and ironed has much to do with the way they ook and thus the way you ook. You want to ook neat, fresh and cean that spic and span appearance. You aso want to hep your mother, who has many, many jobs to do every day. By heping with. the famiy washing, you not ony ighten mother s work, but aso you earn some of the management probems in keeping your entire famiy s cothes cean. You deveop better habits of ceaniness and have a better- opportunity to earn about and keep up with the new and better ways of aundering. Washing Your Own Cothes Many of your coor-fast garments such as dresses, bouses, skirts, sips and pajamas, can be put with the famiy wash and washed in the washing machine. Such things as dainty underwear, hose and sweaters need to be washed by hand. UNDERWEAR Wash underwear in good suds of mid soap or synthetic detergent and ukewarm water. Squeeze

22 the suds through the garment don t rub especiay rayons which are weak when wet. Wash through two suds if necessary to get them cean. Rinse three times in ukewarm water if you use soap in washing them. If you use a syndet, (synthetic detergent) rinse at east one time. Laundry research experts have found that if cothes are not rinsed at a some soied wash water remains in the cothes and causes them to ook dingy and gray after a few washings. Ro rayon, nyon and other synthetic garments in towes for a few minutes before hanging them on the ine. Do not wring them; it may weaken or break the fabric and the seams. Shake out wrinkes and hang on a ine so that hems wi hang eveny when dry. Most nyons and dacrons do not have to be ironed. Knitted garments shoud not be ironed; ironing stretches them out of shape. Iron rayon, synthetics and bends with a warm (not hot) iron before they are competey dry. STOCKING AND SOCKS Practicay everyone s feet perspire and perspiration rots hose if not washed out immediatey. Whether your hose and socks are made of cotton, rayon or nyon, they shoud be washed after each wearing. This makes them ast onger and heps them to hod their origina shape better and to fit egs,and feet more snugy without wrinking. It has another important vaue in that it heps to prevent objectionabe odors. Cotton socks can be soaked and put in with the famiy wash. This incudes white and paste coored ones if they are coor-fast. Dark coors shoud never be washed with white or ight ones. Each coor shoud be washed separatey the first time to determine whether or not it beeds into the water. Wash and rinse socks we, stretch into shape, and cothes pin them to the ine by the toes. Hang coored socks in the shade; sun wi fade them. Mend hoes and runs in hose before washing them. Squeeze through warm suds water using a mid soap or detergent. Rinse a soap out carefuy. Ro them in a towe to remove as much water as possibe. Pu or shake them into shape and hang over a rod to dry. Be sure the rod is smooth so that your stocking won t get picked or snagged. SWEATERS Wash sweaters before they are heaviy soied. Some sweaters stretch out of shape when washed, and on some itte bas form caed piing. Before washing sweaters, do the foowing: 1. Write down measurements or trace an outine of the sweater on cean cardboard or heavy paper. 2. Remove fancy buttons, ornaments or trimmings as we as shouder pads. 3. Turn wrong side out to hep prevent piing. Do not soak sweaters. Wash quicky and genty squeezing suds through. Work suds into soied spots with fingers. Rinse thoroughy in ukewarm water. Do not rub hard or twist. Squeeze out as much water as possibe. Ro carefuy in Turkish towe for eight or 10 minutes. Unro, pace on traced outine and work sweater back into origina shape. Pace it in shade to dry not in hot sun or near fire. When dry, pockets and any ribbon bindings may need a itte pressing (use press coth and an iron not too hot). Repace any buttons and trims that may have been removed before washing. HANDKERCHIEFS Soak your handkerchiefs in ukewarm suds water for 20 to 30 minutes. Then wring them out and wash them in hot suds water, or put them in a oose mesh bag in the washing machine, uness you had a cod when you used your handkerchiefs. If you had a cod when you used them, wash them by hand, then be sure to boi them 5 to 10 minutes. Rinse thoroughy. Laundering Wash n Wear or Drip-dry Garments Garments made of the new synthetic fibers or the treated natura fibers (ike resin-treated cotton) are designed for easy care. They keep a neat appearance during repeated washings, can be washed and dried quicky and need itte or no ironing if propery constructed. Most of these new wash n wear fabrics can be washed in the washing machine and spin-dried with shorter washing and drying time. Foow manufacturer s recommendations. Laundering instructions shoud Come with each garment. If garment is to be drip-dried, remove it from wash (automatic) at end of fina rinse cyce. If using conventiona wringer-type washer, ift garment (after washing) from one tub to the other. u I '.9 / ( 1.» [ g} 4 L,1 k + f x x, v y A a {I r r x, 1 't- 4) J I» s 9' H r \I N A k i x r 4,1 y 4. 4 v :1 r. H V. I, If ) s7 4 i 4 k x N

23 Never squeeze or wring the garment. This makes wrinkes. Lift garment from fina rinse water, pace on rust-proof hanger, smooth out coar, cuffs, seams, etc., and hang to drip dry. Garments with deicate ace trims shoud be put into a mesh bag to put through washer. This wi prevent damage and make them ast onger. Wash white with white (especiay white nyon which absorbs coor quicky), ight-coored with ight-coored, and dark with dark. Aways use warm or cod water for coored garments. See your home agent for more information on drip-dry aundering. It is so new that a of us are sti earning how best to wash and dry these new fabrics. Ways You Can Hep with the Famiy Laundry COLLECT DIRTY CLOTHES AND TAKE TO THE WASH PLACE Where are dirty cothes kept unti washday? Does each famiy member have a cothes bag into which he or she puts dirty cothes as they are taken off? Or, is there a cothes hamper in the bathroom, back ha or other definite pace where each member puts his or her dirty cothes? Or, does Mom have to run a over the house every washday and gather up the aundry. anthes HAMPEFZ A part of your aundry work coud be to work out with the famiy an improved way of keeping soied cothes so that they wi be easy to coect on washday. SORT CLOTHES Divide cothes into pies or washer oads. This generay shoud be done about as foows: 1. Sighty soied white and coor-fast artices. 2. Seeping garments, underwear, and hand and bath towes. 3. Coored cottons and inens. 4. Very dirty work cothes. 5. White siks, rayons, and synthetic fabrics. 6. Coored siks, rayons, and synthetic fabrics. 7. Fine fabrics and artices to be washed by hand. If you are uncertain about how to sort propery, get your mother s or home agent s advice. During the sorting, remove pins and ornaments, cean out pockets, and cose zippers to prevent damage to the zippers and to the washing machine. PUT CLOTHES TO SOAK Soaking makes washing easier if cothes are soaked in warm suds no onger than 20 to 30 minutes just before washing. Cothes may reabsorb dirt from dirty soak water if aowed to remain in it too ong. Anything that might fade shoud not be soaked. HELP DO THE WASHING If washday comes when you are not in schoo, you can work with your mother and earn how (if you haven t aready) to: 1. Arrange aundry equipment to save time, stoops, steps, and ifting. 2. Sove a hard water probem if water is hard. 3. Determine how much soap or synthetic detergent to use in washing machine. 4. Operate washing machine correcty, foowing manufacturer s direction. 5. Rinse cothes propery. (See Underwear section, page 2.) 6. Make and use starch correcty. For information on these aundry probems, see your home economics agent, cub eader, and your mother. From your home agent get a copy of each of the eafets: Modern Laundry Methods, Laundry Labor Savers, Permanent-type Cothes Line. HANG CLOTHES ON LINE Hang a garments by their strongest points. SHIRTS AND PAJAMA TOPS Hang with tai severa inches over ine. Pin at side seams and at center front to hod shirt front cosed and to dry it straight. JACKETS AND BLOUSES Dry on rust-proof hangers. Some jackets may be hung by the hem but generay they have fewer wrinkes if hung on hangers to dry. DRESSES Dry on rust-proof hangers, or hang by shouders at side seams with a cothes pin.

24 N '- ~ A-.M~"1 : -F A>- >Vatn -.,., SKIRTS AND PANTS Hang by the waist band or use skirt or pants hangers. Pants dried on pants stretchers need itte or no ironing. TOWELS AND PILLOWCASES Hang about one-third over ine. Hang piowcases with hem or open end down. Pin at both sides. SHEETS Fod end hems together with right side down. Pace hem edges about five inches over the ine. Pin at each end and in the center to hod sheets straight. Straighten sevage edges with fingers. HANDKERCHIEFS AND NAPKINS Hang three or four napkins together about three inches over the ine. Hang, by corners, groups of handkerchiefs six or eight in each group. In removing from cothes ine, fod fat pieces (sheets, bedspreads, tabe coths, etc.) as they are removed from the ine and pace them fat on the aundry cart basket. This wi prevent many wrinkes that won t have to be ironed out ater. Fod and pace together cothes that do not require ironing such as towes, knitted underwear and wash coths. A sma tabe or a arge box on which to work can make this job easier. Put into aundry basket the cothes to. be sprinked for ironing. Home Laundry Activity Requirements JUNIOR CLUB MEMBERS months. Hep your mother do famiy wash four times. 3. Take cothes from cothes ine six times and 2. Wash own socks and underwear for two fod them ready for ironing. months. 4. Hep your mother with ideas and pans for at 3. Write a story of your experiences in earning east one needed improvement in your aundry how to wash cothes propery, and how it has center. For this get a copy of Laundry Labor heped you and your famiy. Savers from your home agent or cub eader. $EN OR CLUB MEMBERS 5. Write a story of your experiences with aundry 1. Hep your mother do famiy wash eight times. probems and what the resuts have meant to 2. Wash, iron, and press your own cothes for two you and your famiy. Prepared by Mamie Whisnant, Extension Home Management Speciaist Pubished by THE NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE North Caroina State Coege of Agricuture and Engineering of the University of North Caroina and the U. S. Department of Agricuture, Cooperating. N. C. Agricutura Extension Service, D. S. Weaver, Director. State Coege Station, Raeigh. Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 & June 30, I914. February, 1960 (Revised) Cub Series No. 74

25 THIS IS THE WAY WE WASH (A 4 H Pubication) by Mamie Whisnant Extension Speciaist in Home Management \ "i r 7 r w 4. \\ )" \ 3.\ \ \ TR \ «i =7 gr V - 1 I, - 13.", r J! 0 i if / \ t1; 4 faw d t f }. ie 2) x _n_ A]: x (A. Z, \3 u 4., a.4 The way your cothes are washed and ironed has much to do with the way they ook and thus the way you ook. You want to ook neat, fresh and cean ~that spic and span ook. You aso want to hep your mother who has many, many jobs to do every day. By heping with the famiy washing, you not ony ighten the oad of your mother, but aso you earn some of the management probems in keeping your entire famiy s cothes cean. You deveop better habits of ceaniness and you have a better opportunity to earn about and keep up with the new and better ways of aundering Ways You Can Hep With The Famiy Laundry 1. Coect dirty cothes and take them to the wash pace. Where are they kept unti washday? Does each famiy member have a cothes bag into which he or she puts dirty cothes as they are taken off? Or, is there a cothes hamper in the bath room, back ha, or one definite pace, into which each member puts his or her dirty cothes? Or, does Mom have to run a over the house every washday morning and gather up the aundry? A part of your aundry work coud be to work out with the famiy an improved way of keeping soied cothes so that they wi be easy to coect on washday. 2. Sort Cothes Divide into pies or washer oads. This generay shoud be done about as foows: (1) Sighty soied white and coor fast artices. (2) Seeping garments, underwear, and hand and bath towes. (3) Coored cottons and inens. (4) Very dirty work cothes. (5) White siks, rayons, nyons, etc. (6) Coored siks, rayons, nyons, etc. (7) Fine fabrics and artices to be washed by hand: hose, sweaters, aces, goves, etc.

26 [f you are uncertain about how to sort propery, get your mother s advice. V p.7 L. During the sorting, remove pins and ornaments, cean out pockets, and cose epers to pre L- vent dam'age to the zippers and to the washing machine wringer roers. g 3. Put Cothes to Soak Soaking makes washing easier, if cothes are soaked no onger than 20 to 30 minutes. Cothes may re_absorb dirt from dirty soak water if aowed to remain in it too ong. Put cothes to 5 soak in a tub of warm suds water not over 30 minutes before they wi be washed. Anything that might fade shoud not be soaked. 4-. Hep Do the Washing If washday comes when you are not in schoo, you can earn how (if you haven t aready) to: r y (1) Arrange aundry equipment to save time, stoops, steps, and ifting... (2) Sove a hard water probem if water is hard. I 'I (3) Determine how much soap or synthetic detergent to' use in washing machine. (4) Operate washing machine correcty, foowing manufacturer s directions., *- (5) Rinse cothes propery. f0 (6) Make and use starch correcty. For information on these aundry probems, see your home demonstration agent, cub r, eader, and your mother. From your home agent get a copy of the eafet Modern Laundry Methods. Aso ask her how you can get a copy of a new booket entited Right onthe.9 Line. It 18 fu of good, up to date information on present day aundry probems and methods. w. '4 (7) Hang cothes on ine. vi HANG a garments by their strongest points:. SHIRTS AND PAJAMA TOPS: Hang with tai severa inches over ine. Pin at side seams. _ and at center front to hod shirt front cosed and to dry it straight. '9 JACKETS AND BLOUSES: Dry on hangers. Some jackets may be hung by the hem but V generay they have fewer wrinkes if hung on hangers to dry. v I. DRESSES: Dry on rust proof hangers, 'or hang by shouders at side seams with a cothes I ' pin. ' SKIRTS ANJ PANTS: Hang by the waist band or use skirt or pants hangers. Pants dried Y on pants stretchers need itte or no ironing. J" TOWELS AND PILLOWCASES: Hang about 1/3 over ine. Hang piowcases with hem or r open end down. Pin at both sides. : SHEETS: Fod end hems together with right side out. Pace hem edges about five inches 1;. 3' over the ine. Pin at each end and in the center to hod sheets straight. Straighten sevage edges with fingers.. & HANDKERCHIEFS AND NAPKINS: Hang three or four napkins together about three ' \ inches over the ine. Hang, by corners, groups of handkerchiefs six or eight in each F _. group-, (8) In removing from cothes ine, fod fat pieces (sheets, bedspreads, tabe coths, etc.) as they are removed from the ine and pace them fat on the bottom of the aundry cart. basket. This wi prevent many wrinkes that won t have to be ironed out ater. Fod and pace together cothes that do not require ironing such as towes, knitted under- ' wear, and washcoths. A sma tabe or a arge box On which to work can make this job v 7 easier. Pack cothes to be sprinked in a basket. > 5""

27 WASHING YOUR OWN CLOTHES 1rd Your cotton, coor fast garments such as dresses, bouses, skirts, sips, and pajamas can be put with the famiy wash and washed in the washing machine. Such things as dainty rayon and nyon underwear, hose, and sweaters need to be washed by h an d. 1. Underwear Wash in good suds of mid soap or synthetic detergent and uke warm water. Squeeze the suds through the garment don t rub - especiay rayons which are weak when wet. Wash through 2 suds if necessary to get them cean. Rinse 3 times in uke warm water if you use soap in washing them. If you use a synthetic detergent that says no rinsing necessary, rinse one time. Laundry research experts have found that, if cothes are not rinsed at a, some soied wash water remains in the cothes and causes them to ook dingy and gray after a few washings. Ro rayon and nyon garments in towes for a few minutes before hanging them on the ine. Do not wring them; it may weaken or break the fabric and the seams. Shake out wrinkes and hang on ine so that hems wi hang eveny when dry. Most nyons do not have to be ironed. Knitted garments shoud not be ironed; ironing stretches them out of shape. ron rayon with a warm (not hot) iron before it is competey dry.. Stockings and Socks Practicay every person s feet perspire and perspiration rots hose and socks if it isn t washed out immediatey. Whether your stockings and socks are made of cotton, rayon, or nyon, hey shoud be washed after each wearing. This not ony makes them ast onger, but it aso heps them to hod their origina shape better and to fit egs and feet more snugy without wrinking. It has another important vaue in that it heps to prevent objectionabe odors. One can t be fresh and dainy uness cothing and the body are cean and free from perspiration. Cotton socks can be soaked and put in the washer with the famiy wash. This wi incude white and paste coored ones if they are coor fast. Dark coors shoud never be washed with white or ight socks or cothes. Each coor shoud be washed separatey the first time, to be sure whether or not cothes beed into the water. Wash them and rinse we, stretch into shape, and cothes pin them to the cothes ine by the toes. Hang coored socks in the shade; sun wi fade them. Mend hoes and runs in rayon and nyon stockings before washing them. Squeeze them through. warm suds water using a mid soap or detergent. Rinse a soap out carefuy. Ro them in a towe to remove as much water as possibe. Pu or shake them into shape and hang over a rod to dry. Be sure the rod is smooth so that your stocking won t get picked or snagged.". Swe aters Sweaters (especiay those oosey knitted) stretch out of shape when they are washed. Before washing your new sweater, write down the measurements. It woud be better sti to trace a pattern of it on a piece of cean white card board, poster paper, or heavy wrapping paper. With this you can bring the sweater back into its origina shape as it dries. Or, you can buy a sweater stretcher. It is not too expensive and it is worth its cost if you have sweaters to wash reguary.

28 Strong soap, too cod or too hot water, and hard rubbing and twisting wi cause wooens to become hard and matted. Therefore, use a mid soap and ake warm water for washing your wooen sweaters. Repeat if one quick sudsing does not get it cean. Rinse aso in ukewarm water at east 3 times or unti soap is removed at east one time if you are using a non rinse synthetic detergent. Pace sweater on a Turkish towe, smooth out big wrinkes, and ro it genty in the towe to take out excess water. Unro sweater and put it on sweater stretcher (if you have one). 'If you don t have a sweater stretcher, ay sweater on the traced pattern and, if necessary pin in pace on the cardboard pattern. Pace it in shade to dry never in the sun or near fire. When dry, pockets and any ribbon bindings may need a itte pressing (using press coth and an iron not too hot). Handkerchiefs Soak your hankerchiefs in ukewarm suds water for 20 to 30 minutes. Then wring them out and wash them in hot suds water, or put them in a oose mesh bag and put them in the washing machine, uness you had a cod when you used your handkerchiefs. If you had a cod when you used them, wash them by hand, then be sure to boi them 5 to 10 minutes. Rinse thoroughy. HOME LAUNDRY ACTIVITY Junior Cub Members Hep your mother do the famiy wash 3 times. Wash your own socks and underwear for 3 months. 3. Keep a record of a aundry work you do. Senior Cub Members 1. Hep your mother do the famiy wash 6 times. 2. Wash, iron and press your own cothes for a period of 2 months. 3. Takes cothes from the ine 4 times and fod them for ironing. 4. Hep your mother with ideas and pans for at east one improvement (if needed) in the arrangement of your aundry equipment or your methods of doing the famiy wash. 5. Keep a record of a aundry work you do. Cub Series No. 74 ~ Apri 1953 North Caroina State Coege of Agricuture and Engineering of the University of North Caroina and the U. S. Department of Agricuture, Cooperating. N. C. Agricutura Extension Service, D. S. Weaver, Director. State Coege Station, Raeigh. Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914.